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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: Ann Biomed Eng. 2015 Jan 29;43(7):1600–1613. doi: 10.1007/s10439-015-1256-0

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Hydraulic circuit model of blood flow. During atrial filling, mitral valve is closed and LA fills from pulmonary veins with pulmonary venous pressure PV and pulmonary vein resistance RPV. Passive atrial properties are represented by an exponential P-V curve generated in the FEM. During passive emptying, mitral valve opens and blood flows through the mitral valve resistor RMV and inductor LMV, filling the left ventricle (LV) along its exponential end-diastolic pressure-volume relationship (EDPVR). During active emptying, the atrium contracts with active elastance ELA until it reaches the peak systolic pressure-volume curve predicted by the FEM.