Figure.

Rates of symptoms of vertigo in a specialist outpatient clinic of the German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders in Munich. The figure shows the relative frequencies in 500 consecutive patients aged <40 (5–39) years and >80 (81–99) years. In older patients, bilateral vestibular failure (BVF), central vertigo (CV), and benign paroxysmal positioning vertigo (BPPV) are particularly common.

Further abbreviations: y, years; OC, other causes, MD, Menière’s disease; PPV, somatoform and phobic postural vertigo; UV, unilateral vestibulopathy; VM, vestibular migraine; VP, vestibular paroxysmia