Table 3.
Clinical outcomes
| All patients (n=136) | Mean delay prior to event (days) | NOM (n=61) | SAE (n=50) | OM (n=25) | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mortality | 4 (2.94) | 2.25 | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 4 (16.0) | 0.001a |
|
| ||||||
| Secondary bleeding | 26 (19.12) | 3.38 | 13 (21.31) | 6 (12.0) | 7 (28.0) | 0.195a |
| Splenectomy | 10 (7.35) | 3.22 | 6 (9.83) | 4 (8.0) | NA | 0.503b |
|
| ||||||
| ACS | 8 (5.88) | 3.37 | 2 (3.28) | 4 (8.0) | 2 (8.0) | 0.554a |
|
| ||||||
| Total or near total splenic infarction | 2 (1.47) | 115 | 0 (0.0) | 2 (4.0) | NA | 0.201b |
|
| ||||||
| Infectious complication | 35 (25.74) | 11.97 | 12 (19.67) | 10 (20.0) | 13 (52.0) | 0.004 |
|
| ||||||
| Pleural effusion requiring drainage | 49 (36.03) | 2.2 | 13 (21.31) | 17 (34.0) | 19 (76.0) | <0.001 |
| Left | 37 (27.21) | 2.27 | 9 (14.75) | 14 (28.0) | 14 (56.0) | <0.001 |
| Right | 12 (8.82) | 2 | 4 (6.56) | 3 (6.0) | 5 (20.0) | 0.132a |
|
| ||||||
| ARDS | 6 (4.41) | 5.83 | 2 (3.28) | 2 (4.0) | 2 (8.0) | 0.656a |
|
| ||||||
| Acute renal failure | 3 (2.21) | 0 | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (12.0) | 0.006a |
|
| ||||||
| Pancreatitis | 6 (4.41) | 2.86 | 1 (1.64) | 1 (2.0) | 4 (16.0) | 0.013a |
|
| ||||||
| Vascular thrombosis | 11 (8.09) | 11.1 | 3 (4.92) | 4 (8.0) | 4 (16.0) | 0.265a |
|
| ||||||
| Splenic secondary vascular lesion | 4 (2.94) | 4.5 | 0 (0.0) | 4 (6.0) | NA | 0.038b |
| Pseudoaneurysm | 2 (1.47) | 4.5 | 0 (0.0) | 2 (4.0) | NA | 0.2b |
| Fistula | 2 (1.47) | 4.5 | 0 (0.0) | 2 (4.0) | NA | 0.2b |
|
| ||||||
| Splenic pseudocyst | 11 (8.09) | 28 | 0 (0.0) | 11 (22.0) | NA | <0.001b |
|
| ||||||
| At least one adverse event | 75 (55.15) | 20 (32.79) | 31 (62.0) | 24 (96.0) | <0.001 | |
Data are presented as n (%) unless otherwise noted.
NOM, nonoperative management; SAE, nonoperative management with splenic artery embolization; OM, operative management; NA, data not available; ACS, abdominal compartment syndrome; ARDS, acute respiratory distress syndrome.
a
Freeman-Halton extension test.
b
Fisher exact probability test.