2. Chloroquine versus placebo (effect on P. vivax malaria).
| Outcomes | Trials | Participants | Effect estimate | Comment |
| Death (mother) | 1 | 951 | Risk ratio 0.34 (0.01, 8.28) | ‐ |
| Severe anaemia | 1 | ‐ | ‐ | Not reported |
| Anaemia | 1 | 951 | Risk ratio 1.00 (0.92, 1.08) | Defined as PCV < 30% |
| Clinical malaria | 1 | ‐ | ‐ | Not reported |
| P. vivax parasitaemia | 1 | 942 | Risk ratio 0.01 (0.00, 0.20) | History of antenatal parasitaemia. Nine women censored (they had P. falciparum infection prior to their first P. vivax episode) |
| Adverse effects with chloroquine | 1 | 951 | Risk ratio 2.03 (0.18, 22.31) | The 5 most commonly reported adverse events were headache, anorexia, sleep disorder, dizziness and weakness. CQ group: drug suspended in two cases (1 ‐ constipation,1‐ nausea) One woman in the placebo group was complaining of visual problems |
| Spontaneous abortion | 1 | 951 | Risk ratio 0.71 (0.36, 1.39) | ‐ |
| Stillbirth | 1 | 865 | Risk ratio 0.24 (0.03, 2.17) | ‐ |
| Perinatal deaths | 1 | ‐ | ‐ | Not reported |
| Neonatal and infant mortality | 1 | ‐ | ‐ | Not reported |
| Preterm birth (All) | 1 | 733 | Risk ratio 0.93 (0.46, 1.85) | ‐ |
| Preterm birth (Para 0) | 1 | 141 | Risk ratio 2.41 (0.63, 9.24) | ‐ |
| Preterm birth (Para 2+) | 1 | 592 | Risk ratio 0.62 (0.26, 1.46) | ‐ |
| Low birthweight (All) | 1 | 733 | Risk ratio 1.02 (0.71, 1.46) | ‐ |
| Low birthweight (Para 0) | 1 | 141 | Risk ratio 1.20 (0.65, 2.21) | ‐ |
| Low birthweight (Para 2+) | 1 | 592 | Risk ratio 0.94 (0.60, 1.47) | ‐ |
| Mean birthweight (All) | 1 | 733 | Mean difference ‐8.20 (‐73.41, 57.02) | ‐ |
| Mean birthweight (Para 0) | 1 | 141 | Mean difference ‐36.00 (‐188.73, 116.73) | Mean (SD) 2741 ± 481 versus 2777 ± 435 in the CQ versus placebo group |
| Mean birthweight (Para 2+) | 1 | 592 | Mean difference ‐2.00 (‐74.12, 70.12) | Mean (SD) 2954 ± 423 versus 2956 ± 471 in the CQ versus placebo group |
| Placental malaria | 1 | ‐ | ‐ | Not reported |
| Cord blood haemoglobin | 1 | ‐ | ‐ | Not reported |
| Cord blood parasitaemia | 1 | ‐ | ‐ | Not reported |
| Adverse effects (baby) | 1 | 864 | Risk ratio 1.22 (0.33, 4.50) | Congenital anomalies: Amniotic banding, brachydactyly; anophthalmia, Down's syndrome,; amniotic banding, absent digit toes; two cleft lip, one cleft palate in the placebo group. |