Table 1.
Characteristics of 115,538 subjects ≥60 years of age from the Diabetes & Aging Study (2010)
| All | African American | Asian | Filipino | Latino | Non- Hispanic white | Mixed race- ethnicity | P<0.05* | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||||
| N (row %) | 115,538 (100) | 11,417 (10) | 11,275 (10) | 8,162 (7) | 14,324 (12) | 63,509 (55) | 6,851 (6) | |
|
| ||||||||
| Age | * | |||||||
|
| ||||||||
| 60–69 | 52,816 (46) | 5,476 (48) | 5,445 (48) | 4,623 (57) | 6,768 (47) | 27,513 (43) | 2,991 (44) | |
|
| ||||||||
| 70–79 | 40,664 (35) | 4,047 (36) | 3,948 (35) | 2,638 (32) | 5,264 (37) | 22,199 (35) | 2,568 (38) | |
|
| ||||||||
| ≥ 80 | 22,058 (19) | 1,894 (17) | 1,882 (17) | 901 (11) | 2,292 (16) | 13,797 (22) | 1,292 (19) | |
|
| ||||||||
| Sex | * | |||||||
| Women | 56,425 (49) | 6,330 (55) | 5,321 (47) | 4,365 (54) | 7,078 (49) | 29,703 (47) | 3,628 (53) | |
| Men | 59,113 (51) | 5,087 (45) | 5,954 (53) | 3,797 (47) | 7,246 (51) | 33,806 (53) | 3,223 (47) | |
|
| ||||||||
| Neighborhood Deprivation Index | * | |||||||
| Most deprived neighborhoods (4th quartile) | 18,058 (16) | 4,252 (37) | 1,152 (10) | 1,086 (13) | 4,036 (28) | 6,280 (10) | 1,252 (18) | |
|
| ||||||||
| Duration of diabetes (years) | * | |||||||
|
| ||||||||
| 0–4 | 30,813 (30) | 2,433 (23) | 2,994 (30) | 2,087 (28) | 3,465 (28) | 18,505 (32) | 1,329 (21) | |
|
| ||||||||
| 5–9 | 30,881 (30) | 2,834 (26) | 3,018 (30) | 2,367 (32) | 3,750 (31) | 17,110 (30) | 1,802 (29) | |
|
| ||||||||
| 10–14 | 20,600 (20) | 2,329 (22) | 1,952 (20) | 1,564 (21) | 2,503 (21) | 10,811 (19) | 1,441 (23) | |
|
| ||||||||
| 15–19 | 13,177 (13) | 1,877 (18) | 1,169 (12) | 918 (12) | 1,494 (12) | 6,567 (11) | 1,152 (18) | |
|
| ||||||||
| ≥ 20 | 8,757 (8) | 1,258 (12) | 791 (8) | 501 (7) | 1,002 (8) | 4,679 (8) | 526 (8) | |
|
| ||||||||
| Type of diabetes | * | |||||||
| Type 1 | 311 (<1) | 18 (<1) | 8 (<1) | 1 (<1) | 8 (<1) | 265 (<1) | 11 (<1) | |
| Type 2 | 103,905 (90) | 10,713 (94) | 9,915 (88) | 7,436 (91) | 12,205 (85) | 57,398 (90) | 6,238 (91) | |
| Unknown | 11,322 (10) | 686 (6) | 1,352 (12) | 725 (9) | 2,111 (15) | 5,846 (9) | 602 (9) | |
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| ||||||||
| Diabetic therapy | * | |||||||
|
| ||||||||
| Medication-free lifestyle | 15,999 (14) | 1,241 (11) | 1,595 (14) | 906 (11) | 1,482 (10) | 10,051 (16) | 724 (11) | |
|
| ||||||||
| Oral agents only | 64,883 (56) | 6,014 (53) | 7,314 (65) | 5,256 (64) | 8,375 (59) | 34,282 (54) | 3,642 (53) | |
|
| ||||||||
| Insulin only | 2,990 (3) | 442 (4) | 182 (2) | 88 (1) | 274 (2) | 1,854 (3) | 150 (2) | |
|
| ||||||||
| Oral agents and insulin | 31,666 (27) | 3,720 (33) | 2,184 (19) | 1,912 (23) | 4,193 (29) | 17,322 (27) | 2335 (34) | |
|
| ||||||||
| Geriatric Syndromes (2-year history) | ||||||||
|
| ||||||||
| Underweight | 745 (0.7) | 75 (0.7) | 182 (1.6) | 89 (1.1) | 42 (0.3) | 329 (0.5) | 28 (0.4) | * |
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| Depression | 19,435 (17) | 1,450 (13) | 960 (9) | 649 (8) | 2,550 (18) | 12,381 (20) | 1,445 (21) | * |
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| ||||||||
| Falls | 8,517 (7) | 654 (6) | 597 (5) | 300 (4) | 978 (7) | 5,402 (9) | 586 (9) | * |
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| ||||||||
| Dementia | 2,237 (2) | 268 (2) | 174 (2) | 85 (1) | 266 (2) | 1,295 (2) | 149 (2) | * |
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| ||||||||
| Chronic pain | 85,358 (74) | 8,627 (76) | 7,269 (65) | 5,439 (67) | 10,847 (76) | 47,817 (75) | 5,359 (78) | * |
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| ||||||||
| Urinary incontinence | 8,058 (7) | 691 (6) | 445 (4) | 293 (4) | 1,003 (7) | 5,031 (8) | 595 (9) | * |
|
| ||||||||
| Polypharmacy | 66,194 (57) | 6,819 (60) | 5,439 (48) | 4,295 (53) | 7,596 (53) | 37,743 (59) | 4,302 (63) | * |
|
| ||||||||
| Any geriatric syndrome | 101,102 (88) | 10,128 (89) | 9,117 (81) | 6,782 (83) | 12,556 (88) | 56,284(89) | 6,235 (91) | * |
|
| ||||||||
| Diabetic complications (2-year history) | ||||||||
|
| ||||||||
| Myocardial Infarction | 1,542 (1) | 112 (1) | 128 (1) | 111 (1) | 152 (1) | 919 (2) | 120 (2) | * |
|
| ||||||||
| Stroke | 1,518 (1) | 115 (1) | 89 (1) | 61 (1) | 163 (1) | 962 (2) | 128 (2) | * |
|
| ||||||||
| Heart Failure | 15,224 (13) | 1,714 (15) | 870 (8) | 723 (9) | 1,489 (10) | 9,415 (15) | 1,013 (15) | * |
|
| ||||||||
| Amputation | 1,056 (0.9) | 157 (1.4) | 32 (0.3) | 23 (0.3) | 124 (0.9) | 639 (1.0) | 81 (1.2) | * |
|
| ||||||||
| End-stage renal disease | 2,109 (2) | 398 (4) | 236 (2) | 233 (3) | 334 (2) | 731 (1) | 177 (3) | * |
|
| ||||||||
| Advanced diabetic eye disease | 24,694 (21) | 3,060 (27) | 2,531 (23) | 1,795 (22) | 3,520 (25) | 11,989 (19) | 1,799 (26) | * |
|
| ||||||||
| Hypoglycemic events | 1,266 (1.1) | 275 (2.4) | 93 (0.8) | 64 (0.8) | 159 (1.1) | 597 (0.9) | 78 (1.1) | * |
|
| ||||||||
| Any diabetes complication | 36,630 (32) | 4,288 (38) | 3,169 (28) | 2,329 (29) | 4,528 (32) | 19,738 (31) | 2,578 (38) | * |
|
| ||||||||
| Charlson Comorbidity Index, Upper Quartile | 27,197 (24) | 2,987 (26) | 1,845 (16) | 1,626 (20) | 2,889 (20) | 15,904 (25) | 1,946 (28) | * |
|
| ||||||||
| Charlson Comorbidity Index, Mean (SD) | 2.2 (2.1) | 2.4 (2.2) | 1.8 (1.9) | 2.0 (2.0) | 2.0 (2.0) | 2.3 (2.2) | 2.5 (2.2) | * |
Column number (percentages) presented unless otherwise indicated.
*
star indicates significant ethnic differences at the p<0.05 level, chi-square test