Table 1:

The Hausman test results

Target variable	Chi-SP. Statistic	Chi-Sq.d.f.	Prob.	Model
MPI	18.6436	2	0.0001	Fixed
PDI	6.5695	2	0.0374	Fixed
CC	39.8194	2	0.0000	Fixed
P	71.3458	2	0.0000	Fixed
CPI	18.6455	2	0.0001	Fixed
GMB	18.5296	2	0.0001	Fixed
CSK	43.9807	2	0.0000	Fixed
NHI	8.7277	2	0.5273	Random
IID	4.9258	2	0.0852	Fixed

Note: The significance level is 10%.