Table 2.

Major risk factors for perioperative thromboembolic events in liver transplant

Abnormal thrombin generation

Defective profibrinolitic system due to elevated plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 endothelial type levels

Platelet activation from venous stasis or inflammation

Intestinal ischaemia and liberation of infectious mediators

Tissue thromboplastin release

Vascular clamping/unclamping

Platelet aggregates and microthrombosis around catheters

Severe ischaemia-reperfusion phenomena

Veno-venous by-pass

High pulmonary artery pressure

Anatomical and/or technical causes