Table 5.

Dose–response relationship between number of cigarettes smoked per day and severity of diarrhoeal disease (multivariate analysis)

Cigarettes smoked	Unadjusted; OR (95 % CI) p	Adjusted; OR (95 % CI) p
Non-smokers	1.00	1.00
1-9 sticks/day	0.89 (0.82-0.98) 0.024	0.87 (0.79-0.95) 0.005
10-19 sticks/day	0.97 (0.88-1.08) 0.876	0.98 (0.87-1.09) 0.467
≥20 sticks/day	0.88 (0.74-1.06) 0.736	0.93 (0.77-1.13) 0.456

All analyses limited among male; OR, Odds ratio; CI, Confidence interval; unadjusted and adjusted (models) p value was computed by ordinal logistic regression

Dependent variable: disease severity (0 = mild, 1 = moderately severe, 2 = severe, 3 = extremely severe)

Main exposure: Number of cigarettes smoked (0 = non-smokers, 1 = 1-9 sticks/day, 2 = 10-19 sticks/day, 3 = ≥20 sticks/day)

Adjusting confounder/modifiers: Age (0 = 15-30 years), wealth index (0 = rich), illiteracy (0 = literacy), Vibrio cholerae (0 = no), Shigella spp. (0 = no)