Table 2. Permeability, Plasma and Brain Fraction Unbound, Brain Exposure, and PK Dataa.
Caco-2 Papp (nm/sec) |
|||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cpd | AB | BA | ER | species | plasma fu | brain fu | Cplasma,u (nM) | Cbrain,u (nM) | (B/P)u | iv ClT (min/mL/kg) | iv Vss (L/kg) | iv T1/2 (min) | %F |
2b | 339 | 224 | 0.7 | rat | 0.055 | 0.028 | 54.4 | 7.79 | 0.14 | 7.4 | 1.4 | 126 | 119 |
2c | − | − | − | monkey | 0.043 | − | 17.9 | − | − | 16.5 | 1.52 | 210 | 12 |
3b | 487 | 465 | 1.0 | rat | 0.639 | 0.525 | 1507 | 343 | 0.23 | 1.5 | 0.60 | 279 | 62.5 |
3c | − | − | − | monkey | 0.532 | − | 5040 | − | − | 3.17 | 1.15 | 324 | 107 |
8d | 360 | 221 | 0.6 | rat | 0.065 | 0.031 | 58.6 | 39.3 | 0.67 | 7.3 | 2.8 | 267 | − |
12d | 477 | 528 | 1.1 | rat | 0.674 | 0.436 | 1767 | 212 | 0.12 | 1.94 | 0.65 | 239 | 126 |
15d | 467 | 345 | 0.7 | rat | 0.408 | − | − | − | − | 2.2 | 0.91 | 294 | 73.6 |
16d | 419 | 368 | 0.9 | rat | 0.291 | 0.109 | 348.0 | 85.4 | 0.25 | 1.07 | 2.25 | 1479 | 98.2 |
17d | 437 | 519 | 1.2 | rat | 0.592 | 0.604 | 406.7 | 68.6 | 0.17 | 13.7 | 0.68 | 35 | 55 |
18d | 91 | 345 | 3.8 | rat | 0.662 | 0.995 | 897.4 | 45.6 | 0.05 | 5.07 | 1.59 | 215 | 46.6 |
PK doses: iv, 1 mg/kg (rat), 10 mg/kg (monkey); oral, 3 mg/kg (rat), 5 mg/kg (monkey). Brain exposure dose: 1 mg/kg. Mean values for N = 3–4 rats, or 4 monkeys, per group. All rat data at 60 min: (B/P)u = Cbrain,u/Cplasma, u with Cbrain,u = Cbrain, total × bfu and Cplasma,u = Cplasma,total × fu. Monkey Cplasma,u data at 90 min (oral).
PK formulation: HPβCD.
PK formulation: iv HPβCD; oral 0.5% MC/water.
PK formulation: 1% DMSO, HPβCD in 0.9% NaCl.