Table 2.

Comparison of urinary phthalate metabolites in study population with blood pressure data in pooled 2009–2012 NHANES (n=1329)

Characteristics	Mean urinary LMW metabolite (µmolar)	p value*	Mean urinary HMW metabolite (µmolar)	p value	Mean urinary DEHP metabolite (µmolar)	p value*	Mean urinary DIDP metabolite (µmolar)	p value	Mean urinary DINP metabolite (µmolar)	p value
Sex
Male	0.379	Ref.	0.387	Ref.	0.195	Ref.	0.009	Ref.	0.071	Ref.
Female	0.479	0.003	0.397	0.85	0.194	0.96	0.010	0.68	0.077	0.58
Age group, y
6–11	0.593	Ref.	0.514	Ref.	0.241	Ref.	0.013	Ref.	0.103	Ref.
12–19	0.511	0.16	0.357	0.002	0.174	0.011	0.009	<0.001	0.072	0.01
Race/ethnicity
Hispanic-Mexican American	0.631	Ref.	0.404	Ref.	0.208	Ref.	0.009	Ref.	0.065	Ref.
Hispanic-Other Hispanic	0.332	0.001	0.416	0.84	0.196	0.77	0.011	0.008	0.081	0.15
Non-Hispanic White	0.442	0.001	0.417	0.80	0.194	0.60	0.011	0.06	0.093	0.046
Non-Hispanic Black	0.779	0.07	0.336	0.17	0.172	0.18	0.009	0.54	0.057	0.42
Other	0.528	0.43	0.417	0.85	0.205	0.95	0.008	0.73	0.080	0.30
Poverty-income ratio
First quartile (< 0.83)	0.666	Ref.	0.413	Ref.	0.204	Ref.	0.009	Ref.	0.073	Ref.
Second quartile (0.83 to 1.59)	0.619	0.73	0.446	0.58	0.219	0.64	0.010	0.51	0.076	0.86
Third quartile (1.60 to 3.09)	0.568	0.40	0.387	0.62	0.178	0.17	0.010	0.60	0.079	0.73
Fourth quartile (at least 3.1)	0.451	0.032	0.411	0.98	0.199	0.87	0.011	0.21	0.089	0.42
Missing	0.527	0.42	0.326	0.20	0.158	0.25	0.008	0.65	0.071	0.91
Serum cotinine
Less than 0.015 ng/mL	0.469	Ref.	0.356	Ref.	0.171	Ref.	0.010	Ref.	0.081	Ref.
0.015–1.9 ng/mL	0.560	0.022	0.420	0.07	0.208	0.041	0.010	0.49	0.078	0.80
At least 2.0 ng/mL	0.659	0.013	0.366	0.85	0.166	0.81	0.008	0.14	0.079	0.91
Missing	0.423	0.54	0.450	0.17	0.194	0.50	0.015	0.028	0.096	0.35
Physical activity
Insufficient (<60min/day)	0.147	Ref.	0.167	Ref.	0.092	Ref.	0.005	Ref.	0.019	Ref.
Sufficient (>=60min/day)	0.540	<0.001	0.389	<0.001	0.197	<0.001	0.009	<0.001	0.073	<0.001
Missing	0.530	<0.001	0.407	<0.001	0.193	<0.001	0.010	<0.001	0.083	<0.001
Caloric intake compared w/needs in active child of age/gender
Appropriate	0.535	Ref.	0.390	Ref.	0.186	Ref.	0.010	Ref.	0.078	Ref.
Excessive	0.540	0.93	0.427	0.36	0.213	0.28	0.011	0.25	0.086	0.43
Missing	0.522	0.92	0.605	0.22	0.251	0.50	0.011	0.72	0.115	0.26
Overweight status
Not overweight (<85th percentile)	0.476	Ref.	0.391	Ref.	0.191	Ref.	0.010	Ref.	0.077	Ref.
Overweight (≥85th percentile)	0.653	0.002	0.421	0.35	0.197	0.76	0.010	0.46	0.087	0.24
Obese status
Not obese (<95th percentile)	0.505	Ref.	0.392	Ref.	0.192	Ref.	0.010	Ref.	0.077	Ref.
Obese (≥95th percentile)	0.695	0.001	0.451	0.30	0.198	0.83	0.011	0.53	0.099	0.11
Pre-hypertension
<90th percentile	0.530	Ref.	0.399	Ref.	0.191	Ref.	0.010	Ref.	0.080	Ref.
≥90th percentile	0.651	0.038	0.465	0.62	0.234	0.33	0.009	0.73	0.087	0.82

Ref.; Reference

^*Derived using univariate regression of log molar concentration of urinary metabolites. Mean urinary phthalate metabolites represents retransformed mean from log base.