Table 2.
Risk of arthritis in longitudinal analyses
| Cox proportional hazard ratio | Cox proportional hazard ratio | |
|---|---|---|
| Univariate (95 % Confidence interval) | Controlling for race and gender (95 % Confidence interval) | |
| Age, years | 1.3 (1.1–1.6) | 1.4 (1.1–1.7) |
| Male gender | 2.9 (0.8–9.7) | 1.6a (0.4–6.3) |
| Black race | 0.3 (0.1–0.9) | 0.3b (0.1–1.1) |
| dsDNA | 1.5 (0.5–4.3) | 1.5 (0.5–4.2) |
| Ro | 0.6 (0.3–1.6) | 0.8 (0.3–2.2) |
| La | 1.3 (0.3–5.4) | 1.4 (0.3–6.6) |
| RNP | 2.1 (1.2–3.5) | 1.9 (1.1–3.4) |
| Sm | 0.6 (0.2–1.8) | 0.3 (0.06–1.3) |
| Low C3 | 0.6 (0.3–1.1) | 0.6 (0.3–1.2) |
| Low C4 | 0.7 (0.3–1.6) | 0.7 (0.3–1.5) |
| Elevated CRP | 0.9 (0.8–1.1) | 0.9 (0.8–1.1) |
| Elevated ESR | 0.5 (0.3–1.1) | 0.6 (0.3–1.3) |
| Renal disorder | 1.1 (0.5–2.9) | 1.2 (0.4–2.8) |
| Anemia | 8.8 (2.7–28.5) | 8.5c (2.9–24.2) |
| Thrombocytopenia | 3.1 (0.8–11.7) | 6.1c (2.4–15.6) |
| Leukopenia | 1.1 (0.3–4.5) | 0.8c (0.2–2.9) |
| Fever | 1.2 (0.4–3.9) | 1.3 (0.3–5.4) |
| Malar rash | 1.8 (0.9–3.2) | 2.1 (1.1–3.6) |
| Mucosal ulcerations | 1.6 (0.8–3.1) | 1.3 (0.6–2.9) |
| Alopecia | 0.8 (0.4–1.5) | 0.8 (0.4–1.5) |
| Prednisone use | 0.4 (0.2–3.6) | 0.9 (0.7–3.2) |
| Immunosuppressive medication use | 0.8 (0.5–1.4) | 1.05 (0.6–1.7) |
| SLEDAI score | 1.1 (0.9–1.2) | 0.9 (0.8–1.1) |
| SLAM score | 1.1 (0.9–1.3) | 1.1 (0.8–1.4) |
aControlling for Race only; bControlling for Gender only; cControlling for Race, Gender, and Immunosuppression use