Table 1.

Types of intervention for sexual violence and proposed underpinning mechanisms and outcomes

	Type of intervention	Definition	Proposed mechanisms	Proposed outcomes
Individual	Survivor care responses	Medical, psycho-social care & advocacy for survivors	1	Prosecution enabled through survivor reports, deterring sexual violence
			3	Harm from sexual violence is reduced
			4	Women seek help
	Livelihood strategies	Micro-finance and/or training to increase women’s independence pre/post sexual violence	5	Sexual exploitation and abuse is reduced
				Harm from sexual violence is reduced
Community	Community mobilisation	Education of rights in regard to sexual coercion; increased opportunities for women to participate in political, economic and social activities	1, 2, 3, 4, 5	Sexual violence is reduced
			4, 5	Survivors get help and report
			6	Community protects women & sanctions sexual violence
Societal	Personnel interventions	Protocols with military/peacekeepers/aid workers to reduce sexual exploitation and abuse; recruitment of female officers	1	Sexual violence reduced
			3, 5	Survivors feel safe to report incidents
	Systems and security interventions	Patrols or firewood/fuel distribution to reduce vulnerability to sexual violence	1	Sexual violence is reduced
	Legal strategies	Specialist prosecution units/tribunals; customary justice systems; International Criminal Court indictments	1	Sexual violence is reduced as a result of deterrence through arrest/action/conviction
			4, 5	Survivors feel safe to report incidents
	Multiple component interventions	Integration of any two or more of the above strategies	As per individual strategies employed	As per individual strategies employed

1. Rape is risky; 2. Rape is unacceptable; 3. There is help for this problem; 4. It’s safe to tell; 5. We have rights; 6. We can work together to address this problem