Table 4.
Associated self-reported impairment and comorbidities among adults with symptomatic midfoot OA
| Self-reported impairment/comorbidity | Total N | SMOA N | Crude OR (95 % CI) | Adjusted ORa (95 % CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SF-12 Physical impairmentb | ||||
| No | 242 | 30 | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 245 | 76 | 3.18 (1.99, 5.08) | 2.87 (1.78, 4.62) |
| SF-12 Mental impairmentb | ||||
| No | 240 | 45 | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 247 | 61 | 1.42 (0.92, 2.19) | 1.42 (0.91, 2.21) |
| HADS anxiety | ||||
| Normal (0–7) | 289 | 52 | 1 | 1 |
| Mild (8–10) | 114 | 30 | 1.63 (0.97, 2.72) | 1.73 (1.02, 2.94) |
| Moderate (11–14) | 92 | 29 | 2.10 (1.23, 3.57) | 2.26 (1.30, 3.93) |
| Severe (15–21) | 23 | 6 | 1.61 (0.60, 4.28) | 1.99 (0.74, 5.39) |
| HADS depression | ||||
| Normal (0–7) | 371 | 71 | 1 | 1 |
| Mild (8–10) | 86 | 27 | 1.93 (1.15, 3.26) | 1.86 (1.09, 3.17) |
| Moderate (11–14) | 50 | 16 | 1.99 (1.04, 3.80) | 1.93 (0.99, 3.75) |
| Severe (15–21) | 11 | 3 | 1.58 (0.41, 6.12) | 2.11 (0.54, 8.28) |
| Chest problems | ||||
| No | 411 | 87 | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 114 | 32 | 1.45 (0.91, 2.33) | 1.34 (0.83, 2.18) |
| Heart problems | ||||
| No | 424 | 88 | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 101 | 31 | 1.69 (1.04, 2.74) | 1.48 (0.90, 2.43) |
| Deafness | ||||
| No | 401 | 89 | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 124 | 30 | 1.12 (0.70, 1.80) | 0.90 (0.55, 1.49) |
| Eyesight problemsc | ||||
| No | 381 | 82 | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 144 | 37 | 1.26 (0.81, 1.97) | 1.13 (0.71, 1.78) |
| Hypertension | ||||
| No | 284 | 53 | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 241 | 66 | 1.64 (1.09, 2.48) | 1.40, (0.92, 2.15) |
| Diabetes | ||||
| No | 444 | 90 | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 81 | 29 | 2.19 (1.32, 3.65) | 1.93 (1.14, 3.25) |
| Stroke | ||||
| No | 492 | 113 | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 33 | 6 | 0.75 (0.30, 1.85) | 0.59 (0.23, 1.49) |
| Cancer | ||||
| No | 493 | 109 | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 32 | 10 | 1.60 (0.74, 3.48) | 1.19 (0.54, 2.66) |
| Circulation problems in legs | ||||
| No | 358 | 68 | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 167 | 51 | 1.88 (1.23, 2.86) | 1.52 (0.97, 2.38) |
| Intermittent claudicationd | ||||
| No | 443 | 94 | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 20 | 4 | 0.93 (0.30, 2.84) | 0.82 (0.26, 2.56) |
| Non-musculoskeletal comorbiditiese | ||||
| 0–1 | 167 | 23 | 1 | 1 |
| 2–3 | 153 | 30 | 1.53 (0.84, 2.77) | 1.31 (0.71, 2.41) |
| 4+ | 137 | 43 | 2.86 (1.62, 5.06) | 2.23 (1.23, 4.05) |
| Low back pain | ||||
| No | 289 | 49 | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 236 | 70 | 2.07 (1.36, 3.13) | 2.09 (1.37, 3.19) |
| Hip pain | ||||
| No | 321 | 49 | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 204 | 70 | 2.90 (1.91, 4.41) | 3.08 (2.00, 4.74) |
| Knee pain | ||||
| No | 293 | 51 | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 232 | 68 | 1.97 (1.30, 2.98) | 2.12 (1.38, 3.25) |
| Hindfoot/ankle pain | ||||
| No | 234 | 27 | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 291 | 92 | 3.54 (2.21, 5.68) | 3.63 (2.25, 5.86) |
| Forefoot pain | ||||
| No | 187 | 18 | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 338 | 101 | 4.00 (2.33, 6.86) | 4.50 (2.59, 7.82) |
| Other lower limb painf | ||||
| No | 77 | 3 | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 448 | 116 | 8.62 (2.67, 27.87) | 8.53 (2.63, 27.71) |
Based on complete case clinic data
OA osteoarthritis, SMOA symptomatic midfoot osteoarthritis, OR odds ratio, CI confidence interval, SF-12 Short Form-12 [13], HADS Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale [14]
aEstimates adjusted for age and gender
bVariable dichotomised around the median of the data distribution
cExcludes the need for glasses
dDefined as calf pain when walking at an ordinary pace on level ground (including uphill or when hurried) that disappears in 10 min or less by standing still [26]
eCount based on each of the above self-reported variables, excluding SF-12 scores (HADS scores ≥8)
fVariable includes presence of pain in hip, knee, hindfoot/ankle or forefoot