Table 2. Spatio-temporal parameters and peak values of joint moment.
Variable | Elderly | Young | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Males (n = 20) | Females (n = 20) | Males (n = 20) | Females (n = 20) | ||
Walking speed (m/s) | 1.20 (0.16)* | 1.15 (0.12)* | 1.26 (0.12) | 1.29 (0.10) | |
Stride length (%Body Height) | 73.63 (6.79)* | 73.59 (5.48)* | 77.47 (5.64) | 81.68 (5.69) | |
First peak force (N/kg) § | 10.57 (0.94) | 10.71 (1.06) | 10.96 (0.75) | 10.90 (0.79) | |
Minimum force (N/kg) § | 7.29 (0.58) | 7.52 (0.58) | 7.20 (0.58) | 7.00 (0.60) | |
Second peak force (N/kg) § | 10.43 (0.50)‡ | 9.97 (0.61)*, ‡ | 10.64 (0.52) | 10.74 (0.51) | |
Hip | Extension moment (Nm/kg) † | 0.76 (0.31) | 0.58 (0.29) | 0.72 (0.19) | 0.64 (0.29) |
Flexion moment (Nm/kg) † | −0.67 (0.17) | −0.61 (0.17) | −0.71 (0.14) | −0.60 (0.13) | |
Knee | Flexion moment during early stance (Nm/kg)† | −0.23 (0.15) | −0.21 (0.11) | −0.08 (0.17) | −0.15 (0.11) |
Extension moment during early stance (Nm/kg) | 0.58 (0.29) | 0.74 (0.26) | 0.71 (0.20) | 0.76 (0.27) | |
Flexion moment during terminal stance (Nm/kg) | −0.21 (0.09)‡ | −0.10 (0.14)‡ | −0.18 (0.12) | −0.19 (0.12) | |
Extension moment during terminal stance (Nm/kg) | 0.20 (0.07)* | 0.26 (0.12)* | 0.17 (0.08) | 0.17 (0.10) | |
Ankle | Dorsiflexsion moment (Nm/kg) | −0.21 (0.10) | −0.24 (0.11) | −0.25 (0.08) | −0.21 (0.11) |
Plantarflexion moment (Nm/kg)† | 1.16 (0.22)* | 1.02 (0.16)* | 1.30 (0.11) | 1.22 (0.19) |
Value: mean (Standard deviation: SD). *: Significant difference between age groups, p < 0.05. †: Significant difference between gender groups, p < 0.05. ‡: Age × gender interaction, p < 0.05. §: Vertical ground reaction force