Table 3.

Multilevel Logistic Regression Analyses (Odds Ratios) Using 3^rd Grade Child-, Family-, School-, and Community-Level Factors to Predict 5^th Grade Children’s Self-Reports of Feeling Angry, Sad, or Unpopular, ECLS-K Data

3rd Grade Predictors	5th Grade “Angry”a		5th Grade “Sad”b		5th Grade “Unpopular”c
Level 1	Coefficient	Odds Ratio	Coefficient	Odds Ratio	Coefficient	Odds Ratio
Poor Readerd	.82**	2.28	.47*	1.59	.55*	1.74
Poorly Skilled in Mathematicse	.36	1.43	.61*	1.84	−.35	.71
Autoregressor	1.01***	2.74	1.36***	3.91	1.63***	5.11
Gender (female)	−.91**	.40	−.15	.86	−.38**	.68
Age at K entry	−.02	.98	−.01	.99	−.04*	.96
Mother’s Education
Less than high school	−.21	.81	−.16*	.85	.37	1.45
High school diploma	.01	1.01	−.19	.83	.27	1.31
Some college	.40	1.49	.06	1.06	.33	1.39
Father’s Education
Less than high school	.73*	2.07	−.34	.71	.38	1.47
High school diploma	.27	1.31	−.02	.97	.15	1.17
Some college	−.38	.68	−.03	.97	.66*	1.93
Family below poverty	−.35	.71	.15	1.16	.34	1.40
Federal programs
Received AFDC	.09	1.10	.47	1.60	−.91**	.40
Received food stamps	.41	1.51	.05	1.05	.45	1.57
WIC during pregnancy and childhood	.62**	1.86	.22	1.24	.16	1.18
WIC during pregnancy or childhood	.63*	1.88	.27	1.31	−.09	.91
Head Start participation	.05	1.05	.22	1.24	−.04	.96
Race
Black non-Hispanic	−.10	.91	.26	1.30	−1.05**	.35
Hispanic	−.35	.71	.26	1.30	−.23	.79
Asian	.09	1.09	.01	1.01	.57	1.78
Other	−.14	.87	−.02	.98	−.35	.71
Household structure
Single-parent family	−.23	.79	−.04	.96	.48	1.61
Number of siblings	−.12	.89	−.12	.88	.01	1.01
Home language not English	.38	1.46	.61	1.85	−.23	.79
Mother’s age at first birth	−.06**	.95	−.04	.96	−.02	.98
Level 2
More than 25% Black students	.24	1.27	.13	1.14	.03	1.03
More than 25% Hispanic students	−.06	.94	−.20	.82	.38	1.47
% eligible for free lunch	.01	1.01	−.00	1.00	.00	1.00
Region
Midwest	.51	.84	.84**	2.33	−.25	.78
South	.14	1.15	.48	1.62	−.13	.87
West	−.17	.84	.76*	2.14	−1.01*	.37
Urbanicity
Urban fringe and large town	.26	1.30	−.23	.79	−.20	.82
Small town and rural	.13	1.13	−.21	.81	−.65	.52

Note. Estimated are weighted by C1_6FC0. SDQ = Self-Description Questionnaire-I; AFDC = Aid to Families with Dependent Children; WIC = Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children.

^a“Angry” as measured by highest 10% score on Angry/Distractibility subscale;

^b“Sad” as measured by highest 10% score on Sad/Lonely/Anxious subscale;

^c“Unpopular” as measured by lowest 10% score on Peer Relations subscale;

^dPoor Reader as measured by lowest 10% score on Reading Test;

^ePoorly Skilled in Mathematics as measured by lowest 10% score on Mathematics Test.

^*p < .05;

^**p < .01;

^***p < .001.