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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Immunol. 2015 May 27;195(1):217–226. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.1402808

Figure 1. Twist1 and Twist2 are required for optimal cytokine downregulation upon chronic NOD2 stimulation.

Figure 1

(A) Timeline schematic for MDP pre-treatment of MDMs, Twist1/2 knockdown and subsequent acute MDP treatment. (B) Human MDMs were left untreated (for acute) or pre-treated with 100μg/ml MDP for 24h, then transfected with scrambled, Twist1 or Twist2 siRNA alone or in combination, and 24h later (total 48h MDP pre-treatment), MDMs were treated with 100μg/ml MDP for an additional 24h (acute). Supernatants were examined for cytokines. Mean + SEM for n=4. Similar results were observed for combined Twist1 and Twist2 siRNA for an additional n=8. Numbers on the bars are the ratios of cytokine secretion upon MDP treatment of pre-treated versus non-pretreated MDMs. Statistical significance above the knockdown sample bars is compared to its corresponding scrambled siRNA sample. *, p<0.05; **, p<0.01; ***, p<0.001; †, p<1×10−4. Tx, treatment; scr, scrambled.