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Mean and standard deviations for outcome measures.
| Variable | M (SD) |
|---|---|
| VASa,b | |
| Preoperative | 6.70 (2.41) |
| Postoperative | 2.54 (2.62) |
| ODIa,b | |
| Preoperative | 45.51 (11.17) |
| Postoperative | 20.54 (17.75) |
Significantly lower scores between Preoperative and Postoperative; p-value < 0.001.
Lower scores reflect better performance.
