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. 2015 Jul 14;10(7):e0133329. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0133329

Fig 4. Effects of copper and crab predator effect type on whelk consumption rates.

Fig 4

Mean (±SEM) effect size of crab predator Consumptive Effects (whelk culling, CE; n = 5), Non-Consumptive Effects (crab cues, NCE; n = 5), and Total Effects (crabs cues and whelk culling, TE; n = 5) calculated with per capita whelk consumption of barnacles. Empty bars represent No Copper treatments (n = 5). Filled bars represent 50 ppb Copper treatments (n = 5). Different letters indicate significantly different groups (Tukey HSD tests, p < 0.05).