Table 2.
Descriptive characteristics of 610 women with diabetes in the COMBO study by insulin use
| Insulin use | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| All women with diabetes N=610 |
Non-user (n=364) | User Yes (n =246) | |
| Characteristics at incident breast cancer diagnosis | |||
| Year of diagnosis | |||
| 1990–1994 | 97 (15.9) | 54 (14.8) | 43 (17.5) |
| 1995–1999 | 200 (32.8) | 119 (32.7) | 81 (32.9) |
| 2000–2004 | 181 (29.7) | 109 (29.9) | 72 (29.3) |
| 2005–2008 | 132 (21.6) | 82 (22.5) | 50 (20.3) |
| Age at diagnosis, years | |||
| Median | 67 (58–74) | 67 (56–74) | 67 (59–74) |
| 18–39 | 5 (0.8) | 3 (0.8) | 2 (0.8) |
| 40–49 | 35 (5.7) | 16 (4.4) | 19 (7.7) |
| 50–59 | 122 (20.0) | 83 (22.8) | 39 (15.9) |
| 60–69 | 197 (32.3) | 114 (31.3) | 83 (33.7) |
| 70–79 | 179 (29.3) | 103 (28.3) | 76 (30.9) |
| 80+ | 72 (11.8) | 45 (12.4) | 27 (11.0) |
| Menopausal status at diagnosis | |||
| Peri- or Premenopausal | 81 (13.3) | 45 (12.4) | 36 (14.6) |
| Postmenopausal | 529 (86.7) | 319 (87.6) | 210 (85.4) |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | |||
| Mean (SD) | 32.1 (6.9) | 31.5 (6.1) | 33.1 (7.8) |
| Median | 31.2 | 30.7 | 32.3 |
| <18.5 | 5 (0.8) | 2 (0.5) | 3 (1.2) |
| 18.5–24.9 | 78 (12.8) | 46 (12.6) | 32 (13.1) |
| 25.0–29.9 | 173 (28.4) | 119 (32.7) | 54 (22.0) |
| 30.0–34.9 | 175 (28.7) | 103 (28.3) | 72 (29.4) |
| 35+ | 178 (29.2) | 94 (25.8) | 84 (34.3) |
| Unknown | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Smoking status at diagnosis | |||
| Current | 37 (6.1) | 16 (4.4) | 21 (8.5) |
| Past | 59 (9.7) | 42 (11.5) | 17 (6.9) |
| Never/Unknown | 514 (84.3) | 306 (84.1) | 208 (84.6) |
| AJCC stage | |||
| I | 383 (62.8) | 212 (58.2) | 171 (69.5) |
| IIA | 150 (24.6) | 103 (28.3) | 47 (19.1) |
| IIB | 77 (12.6) | 49 (13.5) | 28 (11.4) |
| ER/PR status | |||
| ER(−)/PR(−) | 93 (15.2) | 53 (14.6) | 40 (16.3) |
| ER(+)/PR(−) | 45 (7.4) | 31 (8.5) | 14 (5.7) |
| ER(−)/PR(+) | 8 (1.3) | 3 (0.8) | 5 (2.0) |
| ER(+)/PR(+) | 441 (72.3) | 264 (72.5) | 177 (72.0) |
| ER and/or PR unknown | 23 (3.8) | 13 (3.6) | 10 (4.1) |
| HER2 status | |||
| Test performed | 312 (77.6) | 189 (78.1) | 123 (76.9) |
| Positive/borderline | 56 (17.9) | 37 (19.6) | 19 (15.4) |
| Negative | 256 (82.1) | 152 (80.4) | 104 (84.6) |
| Surgical procedure | |||
| Mastectomy including radical ± radiation | 228 (37.4) | 132 (36.3) | 96 (39.0) |
| Breast conserving, + radiation | 311 (51.0) | 183 (50.3) | 128 (52.0) |
| Breast conserving, no radiation | 71 (11.6) | 49 (13.5) | 22 (8.9) |
| Other treatment | |||
| Any chemotherapy | 157 (25.7) | 104 (28.6) | 53 (21.5) |
| Completed course | 133 (84.7) | 92 (88.5) | 41 (77.4) |
| Any endocrine therapy | 358 (58.7) | 224 (61.5) | 134 (54.5) |
| Charlson score at diagnosis | |||
| 0 | 209 (34.3) | 163 (44.8) | 46 (18.7) |
| 1 | 223 (36.6) | 116 (31.9) | 107 (43.5) |
| 2+ | 178 (29.2) | 85 (23.4) | 93 (37.8) |
| Diabetes | |||
| Diabetes (ever) throughout follow-up | 610 (14.5) | 364 (100) | 246 (100) |
| At BC diagnosis (year prior to BC) | 329 (53.9) | 159 (43.7) | 170 (69.1) |
| After BC diagnosis through follow-up | 281 (46.1) | 205 (56.3) | 76 (30.9) |
| Diabetes medication use in year prior to breast cancer diagnosis* | |||
| Any oral or injectable medications | 277 (45.4) | 96 (26.4) | 181 (73.6) |
| Any oral medications | 225 (36.9) | 94 (25.8) | 131 (53.3) |
| Metformin | 106 (47.1) | 38 (40.4) | 68 (51.9) |
| Sulfonylurea | 175 (77.8) | 71 (75.5) | 104 (79.4) |
| Insulin | 103 (16.9) | 103 (41.9) | |
| Long-acting | 12 (11.7) | 12 (11.7) | |
| Short-acting | 88 (85.4) | 88 (85.4) | |
| Rapid-acting | 16 (15.5) | 16 (15.5) | |
| Characteristics throughout follow-up | |||
| Oral diabetes medication use during follow-up* | |||
| Any oral or injectable medications | 464 (76.1) | 218 (59.9) | 246 (100) |
| Any oral medications | 403 (66.1) | 218 (59.9) | 185 (75.2) |
| Metformin | 275 (45.1) | 141 (38.7) | 134 (54.5) |
| Sulfonylureas | 307 (50.3) | 155 (42.6) | 152 (61.8) |
| Insulin | 246 (40.3) | 246 (100) | |
| Long-acting | 47 (7.7) | 47 (19.1) | |
| Short-acting | 198 (32.5) | 198 (80.5) | |
| Rapid-acting | 62 (10.2) | 62 (25.2) | |
| % Follow-up years with yearly screening mammogram | |||
| <50% | 161 (26.4) | 93 (25.5) | 68 (27.6) |
| 50%–80% | 207 (33.9) | 117 (32.1) | 90 (36.6) |
| >80% | 242 (39.7) | 154 (42.3) | 88 (35.8) |
| Years of follow-up | |||
| Mean (SD) | 6.8 (3.8) | 6.8 (3.8) | 6.8 (3.7) |
| Median | 6.5 | 6.5 | 6.4 |
*
Not mutually exclusive