Table 2.
PMTCT Cascade Service Utilization in the Two Study Arms (N=1172)
| Intervention (n=569 women) |
Control (n=603 women) |
N for analysis (intervention /control) |
Odds Ratio or Hazard Ratio# |
95% CI | IPCW^ Odds Ratio# |
95% CI | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PMTCT service delivery outcomes | |||||||
| Baseline CD4 count (Y/N), N (%) | 330 (58%) | 324 (54%) | 569/603 | 1.19 | 0.41–3.46 | n/a | n/a |
| Baseline WHO staging (Staged/not staged), N (%) | 449 (79%) | 505 (84%) | 569/603 | 0.73 | 0.27–1.95 | n/a | n/a |
| ARVs dispensed at baseline visit, N (%) | 528 (93%) | 581 (96%) | 569/603 | 0.53 | 0.28–1.02 | n/a | n/a |
| Infant HIV testing (before 3 months), N% | 143 (25%) | 106 (18%) | 569/603 | 1.57* | 0.61–4.07 | n/a | n/a |
| Infant HIV testing (by 9 months of age), N% | 361 (63%) | 326 (54%) | 569/603 | 1.47* | 0.76–2.86 | n/a | n/a |
| Timing of infant testing (days since DOB (IQR)+ | 122 days (51–237) | 189 days (65–366) | 349/315 | 1.39 | 0.89–2.15 | n/a | n/a |
| Maternal HIV care and treatment enrollment | |||||||
| Enrollment in HIV care and treatment by 12 months, N (%) | 393 (69%) | 218 (36%) | 569/603 | 3.94* | 1.14–13.63 | n/a | n/a |
| Time from study enrollment to women’s enrollment in HIV care (median days (IQR))++ | 0 days (0–0) | 8 days (0–72) | 380/214 | 2.20 | 1.62–3.01 | n/a | n/a |
| HAART initiation among eligible women within 12 months, N (%) | 51 (40%) | 15 (17%) | 127/87 | 3.22 | 1.81–5.72 | 3.22 | 1.81–5.72 |
| At least 2 HIV Care follow-up visits in the first 6 months, N (%)+++ | 190 (48%) | 123 (56%) | 393/218 | 0.73 | 0.47–1.14 | 1.40 | 0.74–2.66 |
| Maternal PMTCT compliance during pregnancy, birth, and postpartum (self-report)** | |||||||
| Maternal ARV use during pregnancy, N (%) | 138 (80%) | 75 (49%) | 173/152 | 4.05 | 2.00–8.00 | 4.54 | 1.94–10.48 |
| Delivered in a health facility, N (%) | 61 (41%) | 51 (34%) | 149/148 | 1.83 | 0.71–4.71 | 1.08 | 0.45–2.56 |
| Use of ARVs during labor & delivery, N (%) | 28 (16%) | 84 (55%) | 173/152 | 0.16 | 0.04–0.68 | 0.10 | 0.02–0.56 |
| Use of ARVs postpartum, N (%) | 22 (13%) | 57 (38%) | 173/152 | 0.24 | 0.08–0.70 | 0.18 | 0.12–0.66 |
| Infant’s ARV use, N (%) | 50 (29%) | 106 (70%) | 173/152 | 0.18 | 0.09–0.35 | 0.14 | 0.06–0.33 |
| Exclusive breastfeeding within the first 3 months, N (%) | 70 (58%) | 69 (58%) | 121/119 | 1.10 | 0.61–2.01 | 0.86 | 0.45–1.63 |
^
Result obtained using Inverse probability of censoring weighting (IPCW)
#
Statistically significant results are indicated in bold.
+
This analysis includes only those infants with a non-missing infant HIV test date (N=664)
++
This analysis includes only those women with a non-missing enrollment in HIV care date (N=594)
+++
This analysis includes only those women who enrolled in HIV care date (N=611)
*
This analysis assumes that those with no record of testing/enrollment were not tested/enrolled.
**
Self report from women with postpartum forms (N=325 (173 intervention / 152 control)