Table 4. Primary and secondary endpoints of the comparison between open and robotic PD procedures.
| Variable | Open, N=49 (%) | Robotic, N=27 (%) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Estimated blood loss (mL)* | 866.8±931.5 | 466.7±452.3 | 0.042 |
| Operative time (min)* | 391.1±141.8 | 527.4±87.7 | 0.001 |
| Hospital length of stay (days)* | 11.5±7.1 | 10.1±5.8 | 0.398 |
| 30-day complications | 33 (67.4) | 11 (40.7) | 0.008 |
| Delayed gastric emptying | 15 | 4 | 0.043 |
| Surgical Site Infections | 13 | 1 | 0.001 |
| Pancreatic fistula | 6 | 2 | 0.061 |
| Hospital length of stay (days)* | 11.5±7.1 | 10.1±5.8 | 0.398 |
| ICU length of stay (days)* | 2.9±3.2 | 1.5±1.2 | 0.048 |
| 30-day readmissions (%) | 14 (29.8) | 6 (22.2) | 0.480 |
| Death (%) | 2 (4.1) | 0 (0) | 0.410 |
Continuous parameters are described by mean value and standard deviation. Categorical parameters are described by absolute numbers and percentages. *, mean values. PD, pancreaticoduodenectomy.