Table 2.
Development of vascular disease in lone AF patients and healthy controls.
| AF patients n = 50 |
SR controls n = 44 |
P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| VD development | 14 (28.0) | 5 (11.4) | 0.045 |
| Time to VD development (months) | 28 (9–42) | 34 (17.5–39.5) | 0.391 |
| Age at VD development | 56.8 ± 8.3 | 61.8 ± 3.7 | 0.031 |
| Medical therapy prior to VD development | |||
| Beta-blockers | 20 (40.0) | — | — |
| Non-dihydropyridine Ca2+ channel antagonists | 2 (4.0) | — | — |
| Digoxin | 0 (0.0) | — | — |
| Propafenone | 14 (28.0) | — | — |
| Sotalol | 1 (2.0) | — | — |
| Amiodarone | 20 (40.0) | — | — |
| Vitamin K antagonists | 6 (12.0) | — | — |
| Aspirin | 1 (2.0) | — | — |
| Statins | 3 (6.0) | 4 (9.1) | 0.414 |
AF: atrial fibrillation; SR: sinus rhythm; VD: vascular disease.