Table 2.
Sociodemographic profile of the subjects
| Characteristics (n = 56) | LGI n (%) | HGI n (%) | Total n (%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (months) | |||
| 14–18 | 11 (39.3) | 14 (51.9) | 24 (43.6) |
| 19–24 | 17 (60.7) | 13 (48.1) | 31 (56.4) |
| Mean ± S.D. | 20.46 ± 3.8 | 19.30 ± 4.7 | 19. 9 ± 4.3 |
| Sex | |||
| Male | 10 (34.5) | 11 (40.7) | 21 (37.5) |
| Female | 19 (65.5) | 16 (59.3) | 35 (62.5) |
| Ethnicity | |||
| Malay | 27 (96.4) | 27(96.4) | 54 (96.4) |
| Others | 1 (3.6) | 1(3.6) | 2 (3.6) |
| Mother’s age (years)(n=47) | |||
| ≤30 | 18 (62.1) | 14 (51.9) | 32 (57.1) |
| 31–35 | 7 (24.2) | 8 (29.6) | 15 (26.8) |
| Mean ± S.D. | 30.5 ± 4.1 | 31.30 ± 4.3 | 30. 9 ± 4.1 |
| Father’s age (years) (n = 54) | |||
| ≤30 | 8 (29.6) | 12 (44.5) | 20 (37.0) |
| 31–35 | 12 (44.5) | 5 (18.5) | 17 (31.5) |
| >36 | 7(25.9) | 10(37.0) | 17 (31.5) |
| Mean ± S.D. | 32.8 ± 4.4 | 33.8 ± 6.1 | 33.3 ± 5.3 |
| Mother’s education (n = 56) | |||
| Secondary | 9 (31.0) | 5(18.5) | 14(25.0) |
| College/University | 20 (69.0) | 22 (81.5) | 42 (75.0) |
| Father’s education (n = 54) | |||
| Secondary | 7 (25.9) | 4(14.8) | 11(20.4) |
| College/University | 20 (74.1) | 23 (85.2) | 43 (79.6) |
| Mother’s occupation [53] (n = 55) | |||
| Managers and professionals | 4 (13.8) | 10 (38.4) | 14 (25.4) |
| Technicians/Associate professionals | 14 (48.3) | 6 (23.2) | 20 (36.4) |
| Clerical support workers | 10 (34.5) | 8 (30.8) | 18 (32.7) |
| Service and sales workers | 0 (0.0) | 1 (3.8) | 1 (1.8) |
| Business owner | 1 (3.4) | 1 (3.8) | 2 (3.7) |
| Father’s occupation [53] (n = 52) | |||
| Managers and professionals | 7 (25.9) | 6 (24.0) | 13 (25.0) |
| Technicians and associate professionals | 11 (40.8) | 13 (52.0) | 24 (46.1) |
| Clerical support workers | 2 (7.4) | 1 (4.0) | 3 (5.8) |
| Service and sales workers | 3 (11.1) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (5.8) |
| Plant and machine operators and Assemblers/ Elementary occupations | 2 (7.4) | 2(8.0) | 4 (7.7) |
| Business owner | 2 (7.4) | 3 (12.0) | 5 (9.6) |
| Household monthly income (n = 56) | |||
| <4000 | 12(41.4) | 7(26.0) | 19(34.0) |
| RM4000 – 5999 | 7 (24.1) | 9 (33.3) | 16 (28.6) |
| RM6000 – 7999 | 7 (24.1) | 7 (25.9) | 14 (25.0) |
| ≥RM8000 | 3 (10.4) | 4 (14.8) | 7 (12.4) |
| Number of siblings (n = 55) | |||
| No siblings | 1 (3.4) | 1 (3.8) | 2 (3.6) |
| 1–2 | 15 (51.7) | 17 (65.4) | 32 (58.3) |
| 3–4 | 11 (37.9) | 8 (30.8) | 19 (34.5) |
| ≥5 | 2 (6.9) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (3.6) |
| Child’s Birth Weight (kg) (n = 53) | |||
| Low birth weight [37] (<2.5) | 1 (3.4) | 2 (8.3) | 3 (5.7) |
| Normal birth weight (2.5–3.99) | 27 (93.2) | 22 (91.7) | 49 (92.4) |
| High birth weight (≥4.00) | 1 (3.4) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (1.9) |
| Mean ± S.D. | 3.1 ± 0.4 | 3.00 ± 0.5 | 3.1 ± 0.4 |