Table 1.
Clinical description and outcome of MARV-Angola–challenged NHPs.
| Subject no. | Sex | Group | Clinical illness | Clinical and gross pathology |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0308904 | F | Control | Depression (d7); lethargy (d7); loss of appetite (d6-7); moderate rash (d6-7); animal expired in p.m. on d7 | ALT >10-fold ↑ (d6); AST >10-fold ↑ (d6); ALP >10-fold ↑ (d6); GGT >4-fold ↑ (d6); CRP >4-fold ↑ (d6) |
| 0904099 | M | Control | Fever (d6); depression (d7-8); lethargy (d7-8); loss of appetite (d7-8); mild rash (d8); rectorrhagia (d8); animal euthanized on d8 | Leukocytosis (d8); lymphopenia (d6); ALT >10-fold ↑ (d8); AST >6-fold ↑ (d6); AST >10-fold ↑ (d8); ALP >2-fold ↑ (d8); GGT >3-fold ↑ (d8); BUN >4-fold ↑ (d8); CRE >5-fold ↑ (d8); CRP >10-fold ↑ (d8) |
| 0707061 | M | Control | Fever (d6); depression (d8-9); lethargy (d8-9); loss of appetite (d8-9); moderate rash (d9); rectorrhagia (d9); animal euthanized on d9 | Leukocytosis (d9); lymphopenia (d6); granulocytosis (d9); ALT >10-fold ↑ (d9); AST >10-fold ↑ (d9); BUN >3-fold ↑ (d9); CRE >3-fold ↑ (d9) |
| 0907042 | F | Control | Fever (d6-7); depression (d6-8); lethargy (d6-8); loss of appetite (d5-8); dehydration (d5-8); mild rash (d7); moderate rash (d8); rectorrhagia (d8); animal euthanized on d8 | Thrombocytopenia (d6); granulocytosis (d6, d8); hypoalbuminemia (d8); ALT >10-fold ↑ (d8); AST >10-fold ↑ (d8); ALP >10-fold ↑ (d8); GGT >5-fold ↑ (d8); CRP >10-fold ↑ (d6, d8) |
| 0903269 | M | Control | Fever (d4,6); depression (d6-8); lethargy (d6-8); loss of appetite (d7-8); mild rash (d7); moderate rash (d8); animal euthanized on d8 | Leukocytosis (d8); lymphopenia (d3, d6); hypoalbuminemia (d8); ALT >6-fold ↑ (d6); ALT >10-fold ↑ (d10); AST >10-fold ↑ (d6, d8); ALP >4-fold ↑ (d6); ALP >10-fold ↑ (d8); GGT >4-fold ↑ (d8); CRE >3-fold ↑ (d8); CRP >10-fold ↑ (d8) |
| 0908097 | M | 30-45 min | Fever (d2, d4, d10); loss of appetite (d3-5) | Thrombocytopenia (d3); lymphopenia (d10); CRP >10-fold ↑ (d3, d6, d14); CRP >4-fold ↑ (d10) |
| 08083572 | F | 30-45 min | None | Thrombocytopenia (d3); lymphopenia (d3, d6) |
| 0906057 | M | 30-45 min | None | Leukocytosis (d10); granulocytosis (d10); CRP >5-fold ↑ (d3); CRP >10-fold ↑ (d6); CRP >8-fold (d10) |
| R080062 | F | 30-45 min | Loss of appetite (d2) | Thrombocytopenia (d3); AST >4-fold ↑ (d10); CRP >10-fold ↑ (d3, d6); CRP >2-fold ↑ (d10) |
| 0806012 | F | 24 hours | Fever (d4, d7) | ALT >2-fold ↑ (d6); ALT >4-fold ↑ (d10); AST >4-fold ↑ (d6); AST >3-fold ↑ (d10); ALP >2-fold ↑ (d10); GGT >2-fold ↑ (d14); CRP >5-fold ↑ (d6); CRP >2-fold ↑ (d10) |
| 0704019 | M | 24 hours | None | Leukocytosis (d3); granulocytosis (d3); CRP >10-fold ↑ (d3); CRP >3-fold ↑ (d6) |
| 0908021 | M | 24 hours | None | Lymphopenia (d3) |
| 08R0002 | F | 24 hours | None | Leukocytosis (d6, d10); granulocytosis (d6, d10); CRP >10-fold ↑ (d6) |
| 0904047 | M | 48 hours | None | Leukocytosis (d3, d6); granulocytosis (d3, d6); ALT >5-fold ↑ (d10); AST >3-fold ↑ (d10); CRP >10-fold ↑ (d3, d6); CRP >3-fold ↑ (d10) |
| 1002065 | M | 48 hours | Fever (d5) | Granulocytosis (d6); ALT >2-fold ↑ (d10); AST >2-fold ↑ (d6, d10); CRP >10-fold ↑ (d6) |
| 0705010 | F | 48 hours | Fever (d4) | Leukocytosis (d6); granulocytosis (d6); AST >10-fold ↑ (d10); CRP >10-fold ↑ (d6) |
| 0904088 | F | 48 hours | None | Leukocytosis (d21); granulocytosis (d21); lymphopenia (d10); ALT >10-fold ↑ (d10); AST >10-fold ↑ (d10) |
| 0906220 | F | 72 hours | None | Leukocytosis (d6); granulocytosis (d6); thrombocytopenia (d10); ALT >6-fold ↑ (d10); AST >7-fold ↑ (d10); ALP >2-fold ↑ (d10, d14); GGT >2-fold ↑ (d10, d14, d21); CRP >10-fold ↑ (d6, d10) |
| 0810254 | F | 72 hours | None | Granulocytosis (d10); thrombocytopenia (d10); ALT >10-fold ↑ (d10); AST >10-fold ↑ (d10); CRP >10-fold ↑ (d10) |
| 0906145 | M | 72 hours | Fever (d4) | Leukocytosis (d10); granulocytosis (d10); lymphopenia (d6); thrombocytopenia (d6, d10, d14); ALT >10-fold ↑ (d10); ALT >4-fold ↑ (d14); AST >10-fold ↑ (d10); ALP >3-fold ↑ (d10); ALP >2-fold ↑ (d14); GGT >2-fold ↑ (d10); CRP >10-fold ↑ (d6, d10) |
| 0807175 | M | 72 hours | Fever (d7-9); loss of appetite (d5-11); mild rash (d9-11) | Leukocytosis (d10); granulocytosis (d10); thrombocytopenia (d10); hypoalbuminemia (d6, d10, d14); ALT >8-fold ↑ (d10); ALT >3-fold ↑ (d14); AST >10-fold ↑ (d10); ALP >2-fold ↑ (d10); GGT >4-fold ↑ (d10); CRP >10-fold ↑ (d6, d10) |
Days after MARV challenge are in parentheses. Fever is defined as a temperature more than 2.5°C over baseline or at least 1.5°C over baseline and ≥39.7°C. Mild rash: focal areas of petechiae covering less than 10% of the skin; moderate rash: areas of petechiae covering between 10 and 40% of the skin; severe rash: areas of petechiae and/or ecchymosis covering more than 40% of the skin. Lymphopenia and thrombocytopenia are defined as a ≥35% drop in the number of lymphocytes and platelets, respectively. Leukocytosis and granulocytosis are defined as a ≥35% increase in the number of white blood cells. Hypoalbuminemia is defined as a ≥35% decrease in the level of albumin. ALP, alkaline phosphatase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; BUN, blood urea nitrogen; GGT, γ-glutamyltransferase; CRE, creatine; CRP, C-reactive protein.