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. 2014 Dec 18;10(11):1921–1936. doi: 10.4161/15548627.2014.981790

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© 2014 The Author(s). Taylor & Francis Group, LLC

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The moral rights of the named author(s) have been asserted.

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Figure 5. — ER stress-induced cell death in apoptosome-compromised cells is associated with the induction of autophagy. (A) Casp9^+/+ and casp9^−/− MEFs were transiently transfected with GFP-LC3-expressing plasmid, treated with 0.5 μM Tg (24 h post-transfection) and analyzed at the indicated times for LC3-GFP puncta. Representative fluorescent images are shown. ((B)and C) Casp9^+/+ and casp9^−/− MEFs were treated with (B) 0.5 μM Tg or (C) 0.5 μg/ml of Tm for the indicated times and lysates immunoblotted for LC3-I to LC3-II conversion. (D-E) Casp9^+/+ or casp9^−/− MEFs were treated with 20 μM chloroquine alone, 0.5 μg/ml Tm alone, or a combination of 20 μM chloroquine and 0.5 μg/ml of Tm for the indicated times and cell lysates immunoblotted for LC3-I and LC3-II and actin. Results are representative of at least 3 independent experiments. Error bars represent the mean ± SD.