Figure 2.

Oxidative stress induces granulosa cell apoptosis and p53-upregulated modulator of apoptosis (PUMA) protein expression. Mice were intraperitoneally injected with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) or oxidant 3 nitropropionic acid (3-NP), respectively. A, Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) of proapoptosis genes showed that oxidative stress can induce granulose cell apoptosis and the messenger RNA (mRNA) transcription of these genes changed. The relative expression data were normalized to the amount of β-actin. * indicates P < .05; ** indicates P < .01. B, Immunostaining of follicular granulose cells in ovary sections was detected using anti-PUMA as Materials and Methods (Immunohistology) described. Bar = 50 μm. Granulosa cells are in the black box.