Figure 1.

Chloroquine and monensin induce V-ATPase-dependent LC3 lipidation. (A to D) Representative western blots for LC3 and GAPDH on (A) MCF10A cells, (B) Wild-type MEFs (C), atg13^−/− MEFs or (D) and atg5^−/− MEFs treated with lysosome inhibitors bafilomycin A₁ (Baf, 100 nM), chloroquine (CQ, 100 μM), monensin (Mon, 100 μM) for 1 h or with 15 min Baf pretreatment followed by CQ or Mon for 1 h. Ratios of lipidated LC3-II/unlipidated LC3-I were quantified and graphed. See Figure S2 for repeat protein gel blots and quantification. See also Figures S1 and S2.