TABLE 2.

Themes, subthemes and their association with the principles of Primary Healthcare.

Themes	Subthemes	Primary Healthcare principles
Client-centred care	Communication barriers Little explanation given to users Not seeking user's opinions Not involving user in decisions Users have little/no choice Users left vulnerable	Equity ‘People have the right and duty to participate individually and collectively in the planning and implementation of their healthcare’
Promotion, prevention, cure and rehabilitation	Preventive and curative focus Shortage of medication	‘Addresses the main health problems in the community, providing promotive, preventive, curative and rehabilitative services’ ‘…provision of essential drugs’
Organisation of care	Organisation of service delivery Insufficient number of staff Waiting times Treatment protocols	Adequate resources Interventions focused on determinants of poor health
Doctor's role	Availability of doctor services Waiting times Travel times Role of nurses limited	Teams of health professionals with specific and sophisticated biomedical and social skills
Attitudes	Vary between individuals	Equity
Referral services management of complex conditions	Quality and standard of clinical services Transport Communication between primary and referral systems Language barriers Distance Time loss Teamwork Users vulnerable High staff turnover and decreased continuity Poor compliance	‘Integrated, functional and mutually supportive referral systems to facilitate a continuum of care Adequate resources Teams of health professionals with specific and sophisticated biomedical- and social skills ‘People have the right and duty to participate individually and collectively in the planning and implementation of their healthcare’

Source: Principles sourced from Declaration of Alma Ata, 1978 ²