Figure 3.

Effect of nimodipine on the ultrastructure change of in the brainstem of DAI. The control group displayed normal ultrastractural features (A); At 12 h post-injury, some myelinated axons showed focal separation of the myelin sheath and blank area could be seen in axoplasma (triangle) (B); Endothelial cells of the vessels were swelling (C); At 24 h post-injury, most of myelin lamellae were separated diffusely (black arrow) and the cytoskeleton collapsed and disappeared (triangle) (D); The obvious space around vessel was observed (black arrow) (E); At 72 h post-injury, demyelination was significantly attenuated, whereas, the unmyelinated nerve fiber showed extensive dissolved persistently (triangle) (F); The cortical vessels showed a remarkable rough inner surface, disrupted base membrane, enlarged perivascular gap (triangle) and formation of microthrombosis (G). Nimodipine alleviated the damage of axons (H) and capillaries (I).