Table 1.

Demographics and clinical information.

	Schizophrenia patients (N = 31)		Healthy controls (N = 34)
	Mean (N)	SD (%)	Mean (N)	SD (%)	p-Value
Demographics
Age (years)	44.0	9.7	43.3	12.7	0.82
Range	23–61	–	20–64	–	–
Education Level	13.6	2.4	15.3	1.9	0.003**
Current Smoker	11	35.5%	7	20.6%	0.27
Race					0.13
Caucasian	6	19.4%	17	50.0%
African American	8	25.8%	7	20.6%
Latino/Hispanic	3	9.7%	3	8.8%
Asian American	12	38.7%	7	20.6%
Other	2	6.5%	0	0.0%
Clinical symptoms (N = 21)
Positive	16.1	4.2	–	–	–
Negative	15.1	5.4	–	–	–
General	31.4	9.6	–	–	–
Medication Equivalents
Cogentin	0.4	0.6	–	–	–
Chlorpromazine	308	318	–	–	–
	Placebo	Oxytocin	Placebo	Oxytocin
Olfaction compounds	Median [IQR]	Median [IQR]	Median [IQR]	Median [IQR]
Anise detection threshold	1.1E – 4[9.1E – 6, 1.5E – 3]	6.5E – 5[1.3E – 5, 4.3E – 4]	4.3E – 4[2.5E – 5, 2.2E – 3]	8.2E – 5[4.4E – 6, 1.5E – 3]
Lyral detection threshold	4.8E – 4[1.0E – 5, 3.8E – 2]	5.3E – 5[1.1E – 6, 4.3E – 3]	1.1E – 3[1.8E – 5, 6.7E – 2]	2.2E – 4[1.0E – 5, 4.6E – 2]
	Placebo	Oxytocin–placebo	Placebo	Oxytocin–placebo
z-Score	Mean(SD)	Mean(SD)	Mean(SD)	Mean(SD)
Anise	−0.34(0.12)	0.28(0.94)	–	–
Lyral	0.09(1.09)	−0.33(0.83)	–	–

^**p ≤ 0.01.

^*p ≤ 0.05.

IQR = inter-quartile range.