Table 1. Prevalence rates and confidence intervals for poor self-rated health among adolescents by socio-demographics, social support, and age group; Belo Horizonte, 2008–2009.
| 11 to 13 years | 14 to 17 years | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristics | (n = 435) | (n = 600) | |||||
| % | CI 95% | P-value # | % | CI 95% | P-value # | ||
| SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHICS | |||||||
| Gender | Male | 8.30 | 2.81–13.80 | 0.67 | 10.89 | 7.15–14.62 | 0.09 |
| Female | 6.91 | 3.01–10.81 | 16.95 | 10.81–23.09 | |||
| Monthly family income | < 5 MW | 8.16 | 4.11–12.21 | 0.47 | 15.57 | 11.11–20.02 | 0.09 |
| ≥ 5 MW | 5.39 | 0.00–10.93 | 9.39 | 4.70–14.07 | |||
| SOCIAL SUPPORT | |||||||
| Family structure | |||||||
| Nuclear | 7.76 | 3.22–12.30 | 0.92 | 11.37 | 7.42–15.32 | 0.01 | |
| Blended | 5.83 | 0.00–16.98 | 27.81 | 14.44–41.18 | |||
| Single-parent | 8.19 | 2.20–14.19 | 13.40 | 7.01–19.79 | |||
| Arguments in the family | No arguments | 2.94 | 0.00–6.71 | 0.09 | 6.89 | 2.80–10.98 | < 0.0001 |
| Few arguments | 10.12 | 4.72–15.52 | 11.52 | 7.09–15.95 | |||
| Many arguments | 13.70 | 0.00–28.06 | 38.83 | 25.82–51.86 | |||
| Meals with parents | ≥ 2 times/week | 7.48 | 3.52–11.44 | 0.78 | 12.57 | 8.91–16.24 | 0.24 |
| < 1 times/week | 8.63 | 1.60–15.65 | 17.78 | 9.16–24.41 | |||
| Conversations with parents | Occasionally or frequently | 5.64 | 2.39–8.90 | 0.02 | 12.93 | 9.41–16.45 | 0.31 |
| Rarely or never | 17.37 | 4.99–29.75 | 18.20 | 7.69–28.71 | |||
| Interest in the school life of the adolescent | Father, mother, or both | 7.52 | 3.61–11.42 | 0.19 | 12.24 | 8.35–16.13 | 0.46 |
| Another family member | 5.60 | 0.00–11.79 | 13.99 | 4.11–23.89 | |||
| No one shows interest | 18.89 | 1.29–36.49 | 19.13 | 8.37–29.88 | |||
| Relationship with parents | Good | 6.68 | 3.17–10.20 | 0.08 | 12.24 | 8.81–15.67 | 0.01 |
| Bad | 18.11 | 10.03–35.21 | 29.81 | 13.80–45.82 | |||
| Behind in school | No | 6.65 | 3.97–10.09 | 0.43 | 11.30 | 7.22–15.37 | 0.15 |
| Yes | 10.35 | 8.17–19.89 | 16.41 | 10.52–22.31 | |||
| Likes school | Yes | 6.50 | 3.01–9.99 | 0.004 | 12.51 | 8.81–16.22 | 0.46 |
| No | 28.17 | 6.01–50.34 | 16.08 | 6.86–25.29 | |||
| Type of school | Private | 1.01 | 0.00–3.01 | 0.01 | 16.22 | 7.85–24.60 | 0.41 |
| Public | 8.66 | 4.60–12.74 | 12.49 | 8.63–16.35 | |||
| Considers friends “nice and helpful” | Yes | 7.37 | 3.77–10.97 | 0.56 | 12.69 | 9.15–16.24 | 0.04 |
| No | 11.70 | 0.00–28.54 | 27.28 | 10.42–44.14 | |||
| Feels unsafe walking in the neighborhood | No | 10.12 | 4.69–15.54 | 0.10 | 11.49 | 7.37–15.61 | 0.13 |
| Yes | 4.97 | 1.36–8.59 | 16.32 | 11.26–21.38 | |||
MW—minimum wage.
#P-value obtained through Pearson's chi-square test.
CI—confidence interval.