Table 2.

Comparison of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values (×10⁻³ mm²/s) in each region of interest between healthy newborns and asphyxiated newborns treated with hypothermia developing or not brain injury, on day 1 of life, on days 2-3 of life, around day 10 of life, and around day 30 of life.

	Thalamus	Posterior limb of internal capsule	Lentiform nucleus	Anterior white matter	Posterior white matter	Frontal cortical grey matter	Parietal cortical grey matter	Occipital cortical grey matter
On day 1 of life
Healthy newborns	1.076 ± 0.031 (n = 4)	1.085 ± 0.041 (n = 4)	1.144 ± 0.016 (n = 4)	1.760 ± 0.086 (n = 4)	1.494 ± 0.135 (n = 4)	1.208 ± 0.096 (n = 4)	1.128 ± 0.055 (n = 4)	1.080 ± 0.084 (n = 4)
Asphyxiated newborns—no injury	1.014 ± 0.044 (n = 6)	1.018 ± 0.052 (n = 6)	1.096 ± 0.056 (n = 8)	1.634 ± 0.113 (n = 12)	1.444 ± 0.085 (n = 12)	1.042 ± 0.050 (n = 13)	1.005 ± 0.053 (n = 8)	0.959 ± 0.053 (n = 13)
Asphyxiated newborns—injury	0.891 ± 0.179 (n = 7)	0.960 ± 0.137 (n = 7)	1.008 ± 0.130 (n = 5)	1.522 ± 0.114 (n = 1)	1.451 ± 0.036 (n = 1)		0.936 ± 0.062 (n = 5)
p value: no injury versus healthy	0.006∗∗	0.012∗	0.025∗	0.008∗∗	ns	0.0005∗∗∗	0.0002∗∗∗	0.002∗∗
p value: injury versus healthy	0.0003∗∗∗	0.0006∗	0.0002∗∗∗	—	—	—	0.004∗∗	—
p value: injury versus no injury	0.010∗	ns	0.042∗	—	—	—	ns (0.069)	—
On days 2-3 of life
Healthy newborns	1.075 ± 0.036 (n = 4)	1.111 ± 0.029 (n = 4)	1.177 ± 0.027 (n = 4)	1.709 ± 0.147 (n = 4)	1.477 ± 0.115 (n = 4)	1.210 ± 0.085 (n = 4)	1.138 ± 0.056 (n = 4)	1.124 ± 0.059 (n = 4)
Asphyxiated newborns—no injury	1.019 ± 0.058 (n = 15)	1.033 ± 0.058 (n = 17)	1.109 ± 0.063 (n = 20)	1.558 ± 0.123 (n = 29)	1.448 ± 0.121 (n = 27)	1.084 ± 0.074 (n = 31)	1.026 ± 0.051 (n = 21)	1.030 ± 0.078 (n = 29)
Asphyxiated newborns—injury	0.891 ± 0.204 (n = 17)	0.925 ± 0.144 (n = 15)	0.975 ± 0.175 (n = 12)	1.447 ± 0.121 (n = 3)	1.312 ± 0.171 (n = 5)	1.030 ± 0.082 (n = 1)	0.963 ± 0.102 (n = 11)	1.002 ± 0.073 (n = 3)
p value: no injury versus healthy	0.016∗	0.002∗∗	0.005∗∗	0.018∗	ns	0.001∗∗	0.0002∗∗∗	0.001∗∗
p value: injury versus healthy	0.003∗∗	<0.0001∗∗∗	<0.0001∗∗∗	0.001∗∗	ns (0.050)	—	0.0004∗∗∗	0.0003∗∗∗
p value: injury versus no injury	0.011∗	0.004∗∗	0.0002∗∗∗	0.018∗	0.015∗	—	0.043∗	ns (0.078)
Around day 10 of life
Healthy newborns	1.061 ± 0.017 (n = 4)	1.098 ± 0.022 (n = 4)	1.152 ± 0.014 (n = 4)	1.671 ± 0.111 (n = 4)	1.480 ± 0.077 (n = 4)	1.171 ± 0.037 (n = 4)	1.118 ± 0.064 (n = 4)	1.116 ± 0.043 (n = 4)
Asphyxiated newborns—no injury	1.090 ± 0.055 (n = 34)	1.102 ± 0.051 (n = 37)	1.170 ± 0.062 (n = 43)	1.675 ± 0.118 (n = 47)	1.678 ± 0.121 (n = 49)	1.171 ± 0.061 (n = 51)	1.123 ± 0.049 (n = 45)	1.133 ± 0.068 (n = 51)
Asphyxiated newborns—injury	1.154 ± 0.111 (n = 20)	1.120 ± 0.105 (n = 17)	1.201 ± 0.119 (n = 11)	1.725 ± 0.163 (n = 7)	1.622 ± 0.082 (n = 5)	1.211 ± 0.044 (n = 3)	1.124 ± 0.051 (n = 9)	1.132 ± 0.052 (n = 3)
p value: no injury versus healthy	ns	ns	ns	ns	0.0004∗∗∗	ns	ns	ns
p value: injury versus healthy	0.020∗	ns	ns	ns	0.0002∗∗∗	0.001∗∗∗	ns	ns
p value: injury versus no injury	0.009∗∗	ns	ns	ns	ns	0.015∗	ns	ns
Around day 30 of life
Healthy newborns	1.020 ± 0.033 (n = 4)	1.040 ± 0.043 (n = 4)	1.086 ± 0.022 (n = 4)	1.508 ± 0.069 (n = 4)	1.379 ± 0.041 (n = 4)	1.082 ± 0.039 (n = 4)	1.055 ± 0.055 (n = 4)	1.113 ± 0.078 (n = 4)
Asphyxiated newborns—no injury	1.029 ± 0.045 (n = 14)	1.052 ± 0.044 (n = 16)	1.110 ± 0.056 (n = 21)	1.607 ± 0.182 (n = 22)	1.609 ± 0.179 (n = 23)	1.141 ± 0.062 (n = 26)	1.100 ± 0.051 (n = 23)	1.112 ± 0.063 (n = 25)
Asphyxiated newborns—injury	1.040 ± 0.052 (n = 13)	1.068 ± 0.044 (n = 11)	1.110 ± 0.062 (n = 6)	1.682 ± 0.207 (n = 5)	1.618 ± 0.110 (n = 4)	1.136 ± 0.058 (n = 1)	1.120 ± 0.050 (n = 4)	1.139 ± 0.056 (n = 2)
p value: no injury versus healthy	ns	ns	ns	ns	0.022∗	0.009∗∗	ns (0.052)	ns
p value: injury versus healthy	ns	ns	ns	0.043∗	<0.0001∗∗∗	—	0.026∗	—
p value: injury versus no injury	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	—	ns	—

Mean ± standard deviation.

^∗ p < 0.05, ^∗∗ p < 0.005, and ^∗∗∗ p < 0.0005.