Table 1. Baseline characteristics of the study population.
| Study arm A | Study arm B | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control A | Suspected SA | P value | Control B | Probable SA | P value | |
| N | 145050 (100%) | 4835 (100%) | 58380 (100%) | 1946 (100%) | ||
| Age (year), mean ± SD | 45.6 ± 14.2 | 45.6 ± 14.2 | 46.4 ± 13.1 | 46.4 ± 13.1 | ||
| Age (year), n (%) | ||||||
| ≤ 40 | 56940 (39%) | 1898 (39%) | 20400 (35%) | 680 (35%) | ||
| 40 < age ≤ 50 | 38760 (27%) | 1292 (27%) | 16920 (29%) | 564 (29%) | ||
| > 50 | 49350 (34%) | 1645 (34%) | 21060 (36%) | 702 (36%) | ||
| Residency | ||||||
| Northern Taiwan | 48356 (33%) | 1809 (37%) | <0.0001 | 19133 (33%) | 800 (41%) | <0.0001 |
| Other areas | 96694 (67%) | 3026 (63%) | 39247 (67%) | 1146 (59%) | ||
| Monthly income (NT$), median(IQR) | 21000 (1249–40100) | 25200 (1249–45800) | <0.0001 | 21000 (1249–42000) | 30300 (17280–50600) | <0.0001 |
| Monthly income (NT$), n (%) | ||||||
| ≤ 24000 | 86823 (60%) | 2401 (50%) | <0.0001 | 33925 (58%) | 850 (44%) | <0.0001 |
| > 24000 | 58227 (40%) | 2434 (50%) | 24455 (42%) | 1096 (56%) | ||
| Wash-out period (day), median (IQR) | 11.2 (8.6–13.1) | 11.3 (8.7–13.1) | 0.0269 | 11.4 (8.9–13.1) | 11.4 (9.1–13.1) | 0.0561 |
| Follow-up period (day), median (IQR) | 4.3 (2.5–6.7) | 4.3 (2.5–6.7) | 0.6427 | 4.2 (2.5–6.4) | 4.1 (2.5–6.4) | 0.5845 |
| CCI score, mean ± SD | 0.7 ± 1.3 | 1.2 ± 1.7 | <0.0001 | 0.7 ± 1.3 | 1.3 ± 1.6 | <0.0001 |
| CCI score, n (%) | ||||||
| = 0 | 93086 (64%) | 2113 (44%) | <0.0001 | 36910 (63%) | 766 (39%) | <0.0001 |
| = 1 | 28002 (19%) | 1240 (26%) | 11579 (20%) | 535 (27%) | ||
| ≥ 2 | 23962 (17%) | 1482 (31%) | 9891 (17%) | 645 (33%) | ||
| Underlying diseases, n (%) | ||||||
| Heart disease | 2740 (2%) | 200 (4%) | <0.0001 | 1051 (2%) | 87 (4%) | <0.0001 |
| Myocardial infarction | 1075 (1%) | 63 (1%) | <0.0001 | 431 (1%) | 25 (1%) | 0.0062 |
| Congestive heart failure | 1934 (1%) | 156 (3%) | <0.0001 | 735 (1%) | 68 (3%) | <0.0001 |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 1024 (1%) | 42 (1%) | 0.1854 | 425 (1%) | 18 (1%) | 0.3167 |
| Major neurological disorder | 6955 (5%) | 432 (9%) | <0.0001 | 2769 (5%) | 185 (10%) | <0.0001 |
| Cerebral Vascular disease | 6598 (5%) | 409 (8%) | <0.0001 | 2608 (4%) | 176 (9%) | <0.0001 |
| Dementia | 624 (0%) | 48 (1%) | <0.0001 | 217 (0%) | 16 (1%) | 0.0016 |
| Hemiplegia | 913 (1%) | 40 (1%) | 0.0886 | 397 (1%) | 16 (1%) | 0.4543 |
| Chronic pulmonary disease | 18230 (13%) | 1266 (26%) | <0.0001 | 7363 (13%) | 570 (29%) | <0.0001 |
| Connective tissue disease | 1034 (1%) | 54 (1%) | 0.0011 | 437 (1%) | 22 (1%) | 0.0564 |
| Peptic ulcer disease | 22658 (16%) | 1219 (25%) | <0.0001 | 9345 (16%) | 502 (26%) | <0.0001 |
| Liver disease | 16850 (12%) | 1081 (22%) | <0.0001 | 7076 (12%) | 483 (25%) | <0.0001 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 10496 (7%) | 487 (10%) | <0.0001 | 4390 (8%) | 212 (11%) | <0.0001 |
| Renal disease | 3020 (2%) | 184 (4%) | <0.0001 | 1239 (2%) | 71 (4%) | <0.0001 |
| Cancer | 3344 (2%) | 199 (4%) | <0.0001 | 1330 (2%) | 77 (4%) | <0.0001 |
| Others (non-CCI items) | ||||||
| Hypertension | 26545 (18%) | 1629 (34%) | <0.0001 | 11011 (19%) | 763 (39%) | <0.0001 |
Abbreviation: SA = sleep apnea; CCI = Charlson Comorbidity Index.