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. 2015 Jul 15;10(7):e0132969. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0132969

Table 14. Summary of the most differentially expressed genes during early stage of adventitious rooting in several plants investigated.

Plant material and treatment Development stage of adventitious roots Total genes identified Differentially expressed genes Most significantly up-regulated genes Most significantly down-regulated genes
Pinus contorta hypocotyl cuttings treated with 1.23 mM IBA [ 6 ] root initiation and meristem formation 2,178 220 (fold change>2) Cell replication: histone H3, CDC2. Cell wall weakening: cellulose, pectate lyase, endoxyloglucan transferase. Cell wall synthesis: arabinogalactan protin, peroxidase. Protein synthesis: ribosomal proteins. Protein assembly and folding: protein disulfide isomerase. Stress response: pathogenesis-related protein, late embryogenesis-abundant proteins. Auxin transport: ABC transporter, integral membrane transporter. Signal transduction: PINHEAD/ZWILLE-like protein, DNA binding protein, B-box zinc finger like protein. Protein degradation: ubiquitin-like proteins. Photosynthesis: PS II protein, chloroplast proteins. Cell wall weakening: pectate lyase. Cell wall synthesis: arabinogalactan protin, caffeoyl-CoA-methyltransferase. Protein degradation: ubiquitin-like proteins. Stress response: late embryogenesis-abundant proteins, water stress inducible proteins. Flavonoid pathway: naringinin, 2-oxogluterate-3 dioxygenase, flavoprotein monooxygenase. Auxin signaling: auxin-repressed proteins, ABC transporter, AUX1-like, SAMS. Signal transduction: protein kinase PK-1. Transcription factors: EREBP.
Camellia sinensis L. single nodal cuttings treated with 0.4 mM IBA [ 46 ] 24 h after treatment compared with the control 1,091 656 up-regulated and 435 down-regulated (fold change>2) Plant hormone signaling: GH3, indole-3-acetate O-methyltransferase, cytokinin oxidases. Secondary metabolism: flavonoid biosynthesis, isoprenoid biosynthesis, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-Co A reductase (mevalonate pathway). Cell wall modification: expansins, pectinesterase, cellulase, leucine-rich repeat extension, cellulose synthase. Transcription factor: bHLH135. Glutathione metabolism: glutathione synthetase, glutathione S-transferases. Plant hormone signaling: adenylate isopentenyltransferase, cytokinin hydroxylases. Secondary metabolism: 2-C-methyl-d-erythritol 4-phosphate pathway, 1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate synthase, 4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-enyl diphosphate reductase, geranyl pyrophosphate synthase.
Populus trichocarpa stem cuttings without auxin [ 9 ] root primordium organization and differentiation comparison with the dormant stage 55,970 7,107 (fold change>5) Cell wall remodeling: glycoside hydrolases, pectate lyases, pectin esterases, expansins. Plant hormone signaling: auxin-, gibberellin-, ethylene-responsive genes. Signal transduction: Ser/Thr protein kinases. Transcription factors: lateral root primordium, AP2/ERF, MYB, NAC, WRKY, bHLH. AP2/ERF family: SCARECROW-like6, PISTILLATA, AINTEGUMENTA LIKE1, WRKY75.
Vigna radiata L. seedling cuttings without auxin root induction compared with the control 78,697 11,717 (fold change>2), 2,945 up-regulated and 8,772 down-reglated Stress response: peroxidase, pathogenesis-related protein, 7-ethoxycoumarin O-deethylase-like, low-temperature-induced 65 kDa protein-like, early nodulin-like protein 1-like (phytocyanin), late embryogenesis abundant protein. Flavonoid biosynthesis: anthocyanin metabolism-associated, flavone metabolism-associated. Cell wall remodeling: polygalacturonase (pectin lyase), endoglucanase 17-like, peroxidase, basic chitinase. Auxin signaling: auxin efflux carrier, auxin-binding protein ABP19a-like. Signal transduction: proline-rich protein. Transcription factors: ERF086-like, MYB114. Protein synthesis: ef1a. Protein degradation: metacaspase-9-like (a peptidase), vignain-like (a peptidase), trypsin protease inhibitor precursor. Lipid metabolism: patatin group A-3-like (phospholipase). Protein degradation: E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase, polyprotein precursor (peptidase). Protein folding: heat shock 70 kDa protein-like. Auxin signaling: ABC transporter G family member 22-like, auxin-induced protein 5NG4-like. Amino metabolism: serine glyoxylate aminotransferase. Transporters: S-type anion channel SLAH3-like, organic cation transport protein. Signal transduction: histidine kinase. Transcription factor: MYB134.
root initiation compared with the control 78,697 12,737, 3,434 up-regulated and 9,303 down- regulated Stress response: peroxidase, pathogen-related protein, 7-ethoxycoumarin O-deethylase-like. Cell wall remodeling: polygalacturonase, basic chitinase. Protein degradation: trypsin protease inhibitor precursor. Lipid metabolism: patatin (phospholipase). Transcription factor: ERF086-like. Transporters: potassium transporter 5-like. Signal transduction: proline-rich protein. Unknown: casparian strip membrane protein. Protein degradation: polyprotein precursor. Auxin signaling: auxin-induced protein 5NG4-like.