Table 2. Univariate analysis of the clinical factors.
| Patient Characteristics | HR (95% CI) for PFS | P Value | HR (95% CI) for OS | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex | ||||
| Male | 22.1% | 0.015 | 37.5% | 0.007 |
| Female | 10.3% | 22.1% | ||
| Age, y | ||||
| <58y | 13.2% | 0.487 | 26.2% | 0.377 |
| ≥58y | 9.0% | 21.6% | ||
| Smoking status | ||||
| Non-smoker | 15.5% | 0.017 | 31.7% | 0.003 |
| Smoker | 10.5% | 21.2% | ||
| Drinking status | ||||
| Non-drinker | 12.7% | 0.089 | 28.4% | 0.041 |
| drinker | 10.3% | 21.4% | ||
| Tumor size (cm) | ||||
| <5cm | 10.1% | 0.122 | 19.4% | 0.000 |
| ≥5cm | 12.6% | 28.1% | ||
| Pathologic T stage | ||||
| T1+T2 | 22.6% | 0.000 | 38.7% | 0.000 |
| T3+T4 | 9.4% | 21.0% | ||
| Tumor location | ||||
| Middle+Upper | 13.0% | 0.041 | 21.7% | 0.007 |
| Lower | 10.1% | 26.5% | ||
| Differentiation | ||||
| well | 25.2% | 0.002 | 40.5% | 0.000 |
| Intermediate | 11.1% | 23.8% | ||
| Poor or undifferentiated | 7.7% | 12.9% | ||
| Lymph node metastasis (2009) | ||||
| N1 | 18.4% | 0.000 | 35.7% | 0.000 |
| N2 | 9.8% | 16.7% | ||
| N3 | 0.0% | 3.3% | ||
| Involved LNR | ||||
| >0.15 | 4.5% | 0.000 | 9.7% | 0.000 |
| ≤0.15 | 16.8% | 31.4% | ||
| Venous/lymphatic invasion | ||||
| No | 13.8% | 0.006 | 26.0% | 0.005 |
| Yes | 8.5% | 17.3% | ||
| Perineural invasion | ||||
| No | 13.6% | 0.015 | 26.9% | 0.000 |
| Yes | 9.2% | 16.9% | ||
| No. of LN involved | ||||
| One area | 15.4% | 0.000 | 31.7% | 0.000 |
| Two areas | 7.4% | 15.1% | ||
| Three or four areas | 4.1% | 13.0% | ||
| Adjuvant radiotherapy or chemotherapy | ||||
| No | 11.0% | 0.708 | 23.7% | 0.596 |
| Yes | 13.0% | 23.7% |
Abbreviations: PFS = Progression-free survival; OS = Overall survival.