Table 2.

Characteristics of study group: trauma severity, CT scan findings, expected outcomes

	Phase 1		Phase 2		Total		p-value*
	median	IQR	median	IQR	median	IQR
GCS score	6	(3–6)	7	(3–11)	6	(3–11)	<0.05
ISS	25	(16–25)	29	(19–43)	26	(17–41)	<0.01
	n	%	n	%	n	%
Field hypotensiona	32	10	30	11	62	10	0.887
Field hypoxia	63	21	56	21	119	21	0.988
Pupils	n	%	n	%	n	%	<0.001
Both reactive	334	82	206	63	540	74
One reactive	10	2	31	10	41	6
None reactive	53	13	49	15	102	14
Not assessable/Unknown	11	3	39	12	50	7
Total	408	100	325	100	733	100
CT scan: basal cisterns	n	%	n	%	n	%	<0.001
Open	315	77	204	63	519	71
Compressed	57	14	56	17	113	15
closed	27	7	41	13	68	9
Unknown	9	2	24	7	33	5
Total	408	100	325	100	733	100
CT scan: midline shift	n	%	n	%	n	%	<0.001
No shift	286	70	203	62	489	67
<5 mm	45	11	25	8	70	10
>5 mm	40	10	75	23	115	16
Unknown	37	9	22	7	59	8
Total	408	100	325	100	733	100
CT scan: brain lesions	n	%	n	%	n	%
Subarachnoid hemorrhage	226	55	190	58	416	57	0.825
Subdural hematoma	213	52	166	51	379	52	0.869
Contusions	140	34	135	42	275	38	0.228
Intracerebral hematoma	78	19	68	21	146	20	0.701
Epidural hematoma	60	15	62	19	122	17	0.231
Intraventricular hemorrhage	35	9	33	10	68	9	0.6
Hemorrhage in basal cisterns	28	7	24	7	52	7	0.928
Predominant injury	n	%	n	%	n	%
Normal CT	36	9	21	6	57	8	0.572
Contusions	38	9	39	12	77	11
Diffuse edema	47	12	47	14	94	13
Subarachnoid hemorrhage	68	17	43	13	111	15
Epidural hematoma	37	9	29	9	66	9
Subdural hematoma	129	32	105	32	234	32
Intracerebral hematoma	39	10	26	8	65	9
Intraventricular hemorrhage	8	2	7	2	15	2
Unknown	6	1	8	2	14	2
Total	408	100	325	100	733	100
Expected outcomes	mean (%)	SD	mean (%)	SD	mean (%)	SD
Probability of deathb	33	20	34	21	33	20	0.8517
Probability of unfavorable outcomea	55	22	55	24	55	23	0.8517

Legend: GCS Glasgow Coma Scale, ISS Injury Severity Score [33], IQR Interquartile range, CT Computed Tomography

*The tests were applied only on known values

^aPrehospital (field) hypoxia was defined as oxygen saturation <90 % (measured by a pulse oximeter) until hospital admission. Prehospital (field) hypotension was defined as systolic blood pressure <90 mmHg until hospital admission

^bProbability of death/unfavorable outcome was calculated using IMPACT Core model [18] on the whole study group with known data (age, GCS motor score, pupils)