Table 1. Baseline characteristics stratified by estimated GFR* and treatment group.
| Baseline eGFR (ml/min per 1.73 m2) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Normal/increase/mild decrease (60+) | Moderate/severe (< 60) | Total | ||||
| Pravastatin | Usual care | Pravastatin | Usual care | Pravastatin | Usual care | |
| Number randomized (n, %) | 4,302 (50.1) | 4,287 (49.9) | 783 (50.1) | 779 (49.9) | 5,085 (50.1) | 5,066 (49.9) |
| Age at lipid randomization – mean (SD) | 65.9 (7.3) | 65.8 (7.3) | 70.8 (7.9) | 70.7 (7.9) | 66.7 (7.6) | 66.6 (7.6) |
| Ethnicity (n, %) | a | |||||
| Non-Hispanic | ||||||
| Non-Black | 1,690 (39.3) | 1709 (39.9) | 405 (51.7) | 392 (50.3)a | 2,095 (41.2) | 2,101 (41.5) |
| Black | 1,495 (34.8) | 1456 (34.0) | 234 (29.9) | 209 (26.8) | 1,729 (34.0) | 1,665 (32.9) |
| Hispanic | ||||||
| Non-Black | 666 (15.5) | 669 (15.6) | 89 (11.4) | 129 (16.6) | 755 (14.9) | 798 (15.8) |
| Black | 195 (4.5) | 172 (4.0) | 14 (1.8) | 8 (1.0) | 209 (4.1) | 180 (3.6) |
| Other | 256 (6.0) | 281 (6.6) | 41 (5.2) | 41 (5.3) | 297 (5.8) | 322 (6.4) |
| Women, n (%) | 2,030 (47.2) | 2052 (47.9) | 428 (54.7) | 418 (53.7) | 2,458 (48.3) | 2,470 (48.8) |
| BMI (kg/m2), mean (SD) | 30.0 (6.0) | 30.0 (6.1) | 29.1 (5.7) | 29.1 (6.0) | 29.8 (5.9) | 29.9 (6.1) |
| Baseline blood pressure (mmHg), mean (SD) | ||||||
| Systolic | 142.6 (17.6) | 142.4 (17.6) | 145.8 (19.6) | 145.8 (20.5) | 143.1 (18.0) | 142.9 (18.1) |
| Diastolic | 83.0 (10.4) | 83.0 (10.3) | 82.4 (11.4) | 82.1 (11.2) | 82.9 (10.5) | 82.9 (10.4) |
| History of CHD at baseline, n (%) | 564 (13.1) | 611 (14.3) | 121 (15.5) | 155 (19.9)a | 685 (13.5) | 766 (15.1)a |
| Eligibility risk factors, n (%)b | ||||||
| Current cigarette smoking | 1,041 (24.2) | 1,028 (24.0) | 133 (17.0) | 156 (20.0) | 1,174 (23.1) | 1,184 (23.4) |
| Atherosclerotic CVD | 1,477 (34.3) | 1,524 (35.6) | 352 (45.0) | 357 (45.8) | 1,829 (36.0) | 1,881 (37.1) |
| History of MI or stroke | 701 (16.3) | 706 (16.5) | 163 (20.8) | 179 (23.0) | 864 (17.0) | 885 (17.5) |
| History of coronary revascularization | 277 (6.4) | 289 (6.7) | 64 (8.2) | 80 (10.3) | 341 (6.7) | 369 (7.3) |
| Other atherosclerotic CVD | 827 (19.2) | 853 (19.9) | 192 (24.5) | 205 (26.3) | 1,019 (20.0) | 1,058 (20.9) |
| S-T depression on ECG | 486 (11.4) | 467 (11.0) | 98 (12.7) | 94 (12.2) | 584 (11.6) | 561 (11.2) |
| Type 2 diabetes | 1,569 (36.5) | 1,509 (35.2) | 251 (32.1) | 235 (30.2) | 1,820 (35.8) | 1,744 (34.4) |
| Low HDL-C | 436 (10.1) | 451 (10.5) | 105 (13.4) | 87 (11.2) | 541 (10.6) | 538 (10.6) |
| LVH by ECG | 816 (19.0) | 838 (19.6) | 157 (20.1) | 152 (19.5) | 973 (19.1) | 990 (19.5) |
| LVH by echo | 203 (4.8) | 197 (4.7) | 46 (6.0) | 51 (6.6) | 249 (5.0) | 248 (5.0) |
| Estimated GFR (ml/min/1.73 m2) – mean (SD)* | 83.7 (15.7) | 83.5 (15.7) | 50.8 (8.2) | 50.6 (8.4) | 78.6 (19.0) | 78.5 (19.0) |
| Lipid baseline lipid profile, mg/dl– mean (SD) | ||||||
| Total cholesterolc | 223.1 (27.0) | 223.6 (26.3) | 226.1 (26.2) | 223.7 (28.3) | 223.6 (26.9) | 223.6 (26.6) |
| LDLc | 145.4 (21.4) | 145.6 (21.3) | 146.5 (21.1) | 144.4 (21.4) | 145.5 (21.3) | 145.4 (21.3) |
| Fasting triglyceridesd | 148.2 (69.3) | 151.1 (69.3) | 164.5 (74.3) | 164.1 (91.0) | 150.6 (70.3) | 153.0 (73.1) |
| Randomized to treatment group, n (%): | ||||||
| ACE | 918 (27.0) | 892 (26.5) | 161 (26.0) | 154 (25.3) | 1,079 (26.8) | 1,046 (26.3) |
| CCB | 943 (27.7) | 921 (27.3) | 159 (25.7) | 164 (26.9) | 1,102 (27.4) | 1,085 (27.3) |
| Diuretic | 1541 (45.3) | 1556 (46.2) | 299 (48.3) | 291 (47.8) | 1,840 (45.8) | 1,847 (46.4) |
*Derived from the application of the MDRD study equation based on serum creatinine, age, race and sex. ap < 0.05, comparison between pravastatin and usual care. bFor trial eligibility, participants had to have at least 1 other risk factor in addition to hypertension. Thus, the indicated risk factors are not mutually exclusive or exhaustive and may not represent prevalence. cTo convert total cholesterol, LDL and HDL to mmol/l, multiply values by 0.0259. dTo convert triglycerides to mmol/l, multiply values by 0.0113. BMI = body mass index (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in meters); CVD = cardiovascular disease; ECG = electrocardiography; GFR = glomerular filtration rate; HDL-C = high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL = low-density lipoprotein; LVH = left ventricular hypertrophy; MI = myocardial infarction.