Table 1.

Summary of ERAS guideline recommendations

Preoperative	Preoperative counselling
	Reduced fasting duration
	Carbohydrate drinks
	No mechanical bowel preparation
Intraoperative	NSAIDS (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs)
	± TEA (thoracic epidural analgesia)
	No abdominal drains
	No nasogastric tubes
	Multimodal pain management
	Thromboprophylaxis
	Surgical site infection (SSI) prophylaxis
	Goal-directed fluid management
	Normothermia
	TEA or intravenous (IV) Lidocaine
Postoperative	Fluid restriction
	Early removal of urinary catheters
	Gum chewing
	Early ambulation
	Early feeding
	Multimodal pain management