Table 1.
The patient characteristics
| Exploratory Group (n = 32) | Validation Group (n = 186) | |
|---|---|---|
| Gender | ||
| Male | 20 | 100 |
| Female | 12 | 86 |
| Age (years) | ||
| Median (range) | 69 (42–86) | 67 (26–86) |
| Location of primary tumor | ||
| Colon | 16 | 94 |
| Rectum | 16 | 92 |
| Tumor depth | ||
| ≤T3 | 16 | 130 |
| T4 | 16 | 56 |
| Histological type | ||
| Well, Moderately | 27 | 172 |
| Poorly, Mucinous | 5 | 14 |
| The number of lymph node metastases | ||
| 0 | 17 | 67 |
| 1-3 | 9 | 83 |
| ≥4 | 6 | 36 |
| Preoperative CEA (ng/ml) | ||
| ≤5 | 14 | 126 |
| >5 | 16 | 43 |
| Preoperative CA19-9 (U/ml) | ||
| ≤37 | 13 | 155 |
| >37 | 6 | 11 |
| The amount of blood lost (ml) | ||
| Median (range) | 245 (5–1780) | 97.5 (5–2700) |
| Length of operation (min) | ||
| Median (range) | 182 (76–437) | 206 (93–687) |
| Complication(s) | ||
| No | 24 | 123 |
| Yes | 8 | 62 |
| Regimen of adjuvant chemotherapy | ||
| Monotherapy using an oral pro-drug based on 5-FU | 15 | 126 |
| Combination therapy with 5-FU and oxaliplatin | 0 | 15 |
| None | 17 | 45 |
| Preoperative PNI | ||
| Median (range) | 44.67 (31.76-60.24) | 47.90 (32.45-61.36) |
| Postoperative PNI | ||
| Median (range) | 50.16 (31.89-60.75) | 48.69 (32.62-66.96) |
| The number of hospitalization days | ||
| Median (Interquartile range) | 30 (25–39) | 17 (13–24) |
| The number of postoperative days before the initiation of dietary intake (days) | ||
| Median (Interquartile range) | 4 (3–6) | 3 (2–4) |
| The number of days from operation to the first hospital visit | ||
| Median (Interquartile range) | 31 (26–36) | 28 (22–35) |
CEA carcinoembryonic antigen, CA19-9 carbohydrate antigen 19–9, PNI prognostic nutritional index