Table 2.
History of commercial sex and prevalent HIV infection among men who have sex with men, 2000–2012
| Significant Risk Factor | Measure of association | Study population | Sampling Frame | Sample Size | Magnitude (95% Confidence Interval | Location | Lead author, date |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Been paid for sex by a man | Odds Ratio | MSM-PWID | Street-recruitment | 227 | 1.67 (0.64–4.36) | USA | Bacon, 200694 |
| Work as a sex worker | Odds Ratio | MSM | Surveillance study | 3280 | 1.91 (1.31–2.79) aOR 1.89 (1.03–3.47) |
Peru | Lama, 200699 |
| Independent correlates of UAI: Ever sold sex | Odds Ratio | MSM | RDS | 428 | 2.2 (1.20–4.20) | China | Ruan, 2008102 |
| Selling sex | Odds Ratio | MSM | Cross-sectional | 599 | 8.61(1.20–61.69) | Vietnam | Nguyen, 200814 |
| Had commercial sex | Odds Ratio | MSM | Non-probability | 537 | 1.7 (1.10–2.70) | Malawi, Namibia, Botswana | Baral, 200917 |
| Paid sex with men in past 6 months | Odds Ratio | MSM | Cross-sectional survey | 1692 | 2.1 (1.10–3.80) | China | Xiao, 2009103 |
| Self reported “Money Boy” | Odds Ratio | MSM | Snowball sampling | 513 | 6.43 (1.54–28.86) | China | Feng, 2010104 |
| Commercialanal intercourse | Odds Ratio | MSM | Venue-based sampling | 542 | 2.8 (1.0–8.3) | South Africa | Burrell, 2010105 |
| Paid by someone for sex in the past 12 months | Odds Ratio | MSM | RDS | 509 | 4.6 (1.0–21.4) | Tanzania | Dahoma, 2011106 |
| Sold sex in the past 12 months | Bivariate % | MSM | RDS | 596 | 17.9 (7.8–29.9) p=.006 |
El Salvador | Creswell, 2012107 |
| Male sex worker | Odds Ratio | MSM and MSW | Venue-based | 283 | 0.6 (0.1–12.4) MSW vs high risk MSM | Israel | Mor, 201291 |
| Selling sex in the past 12 months | Prevalence Ratio | MSM | Community-based survey | 381 | 1.56 (0.70–3.47) | Vietnam | Pham, 201216 |
| Exchanging sex for money in the past 6 months | Odds Ratio | MSM | RDS | 503 | 2.3 (0.4–13.0) | China | Zhang, 2012108 |
| Received money for sex from a male in past 12 months | Crude odds ratio | MSM | Venue-based survey | 3304 | 1.7 (1.11–2.61) | Canada | Myers, 200813 |
| Get money/drugs for sex | Odds Ratio | MSMW | RDS | 2092 | 0.79 (0.51–1.21) | USA | Gorbach, 2009109 |
| Engaged in commercial sex | Odds Ratio | MSM | Non-probability and RDS | 250 | 5.93 (1.92–13.89) | China | Xu, 2013110 |
| Sex work ever | Odds Ratio | MSM | RDS | 416 | 3.30 (1.20–8.60) | Ecuador | Jacobson, 2014111 |