Fig. 1.

a Levels of cytokines are increased in the plasma of chemonaive patients versus normal donors. The MDSC levels in 15 patients with pancreatic cancer naive to chemotherapy were compared to nine normal donors. Five patients had stage IIB disease, five patients had stage III disease, and five patients had stage IV disease. b Levels of IL-6 are increased in the plasma of pancreatic adenocarcinoma patients undergoing chemotherapy as compared to chemonaive patients; 15 chemonaive patients (population described in a) were compared to 13 patients undergoing chemotherapy. In the patients undergoing chemotherapy, three patients had stage II disease, two patients had stage III disease, and eight patients had stage IV disease