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Cilostzol-induced MAPK activation, combined with intracellular calcium elevation, results in PGI2 production in HAECs. Calcium elevation is triggered by inositol 3,4,5 triphosphate (IP3)-regulated calcium channels (IP3R) to activate cPLA2/COX signaling. In contrast, MAPK also plays a crucial role in cPLA2 activation. Activation of Epac-1signaling modulates both processes. PDE3 is partially involved in these processes.
