Table 1.
Sociodemographic and Clinical Characteristics of Line Complications and Line Infections.
| Characteristic | All Patients (N = 225)
|
Complicationa
|
P Value | CR-BSIa
|
P Value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Complication (N = 111)
|
No Complication (N = 114)
|
Infection (N = 68)
|
No Infection (N = 157)
|
||||
| No. (%) | No. (%) | No. (%) | No. (%) | No. (%) | |||
| Age, median (IQR), y | 54 (18.50) | 58 (19) | 51 (17) | < .01 | 56 (17.75) | 53 (19.00) | .28 |
| BMI | 24 (8) | 23 (7) | 25 (9) | .53 | 24 (8) | 25 (8) | .61 |
| Female | 140 (62) | 74 (67) | 66 (58) | .18 | 45 (66) | 95 (61) | .42 |
| Race | |||||||
| Non-Caucasianb | 36 (16) | 21 (19) | 15 (13) | .24 | 14 (21) | 22 (14) | .22 |
| Caucasian | 189 (84) | 90 (81) | 99 (97) | — | 54 (79) | 135 (86) | — |
| Length of time from line placement to line removal, median (IQR), dc | 57 (73) | 51 (56) | 66 (103) | .01 | 48 (56) | 61 (86) | .08 |
| Employment status | |||||||
| Unemployed | 73 (32) | 44 (40) | 29 (25) | .06 | 26 (38) | 47 (30) | .45 |
| Employed | 54 (24) | 22 (20) | 32 (28) | — | 14 (21) | 40 (26) | — |
| Not specified | 98 (44) | 45 (41) | 53 (47) | — | 28 (41) | 70 (45) | — |
| Insurance status | |||||||
| Medicare/Medicaid | 97 (43) | 56 (51) | 41 (36) | .03 | 39 (57) | 58 (37) | .01 |
| Private | 128 (57) | 55 (50) | 73 (64) | — | 29 (43) | 99 (63) | — |
| Comorbidities | |||||||
| CAD | 22 (10) | 14 (13) | 8 (7) | .16 | 8 (12) | 14 (9) | .51 |
| CVA | 8 (4) | 6 (5) | 2 (2) | .17 | 4 (6) | 4 (3) | .25 |
| HTN | 85 (38) | 50 (45) | 35 (31) | .03 | 31 (46) | 54 (34) | .11 |
| HLP | 41 (18) | 25 (23) | 16 (14) | .10 | 14 (21) | 27 (17) | .55 |
| AC | 34 (15) | 22 (20) | 12 (11) | .05 | 17 (25) | 17 (11) | .01 |
| COPD | 14 (6) | 10 (10) | 4 (4) | .09 | 5 (7) | 9 (6) | .76 |
| DM | 40 (18) | 24 (22) | 16 (14) | .14 | 13 (19) | 27 (17) | .73 |
| Cancerd | 92 (41) | 49 (44) | 43 (38) | .33 | 19 (28) | 73 (47) | .01 |
| Chemotherapy | 29 (13) | 18 (16) | 11 (10) | .14 | 5 (7) | 24 (15) | .10 |
| Connective tissue disorder | 10 (4) | 6 (5) | 4 (4) | .54 | 5 (7) | 5 (3) | .17 |
| IBDe | 36 (16) | 14 (13) | 22 (19) | .17 | 12 (18) | 24 (15) | .66 |
| Renal dysfunctionf | 11 (5) | 4 (4) | 7 (6) | .38 | 2 (3) | 9 (6) | .37 |
| Ulcer/open wound | 70 (31) | 40 (36) | 30 (26) | .12 | 30 (44) | 40 (26) | .01 |
| Immunosuppression | 22 (10) | 8 (7) | 14 (12) | .20 | 5 (7) | 17 (11) | .42 |
| Tobacco use | 45 (20) | 22 (20) | 23 (20) | .95 | 13 (19) | 32 (20) | .83 |
| Alcohol use | 41 (18) | 22 (20) | 19 (17) | .54 | 15 (22) | 26 (17) | .33 |
| Drug use | 10 (4) | 7 (6) | 3 (3) | .21 | 3 (4) | 7 (5) | 1.00 |
| Hospital status | |||||||
| Surgical | 169 (75) | 82 (74) | 87 (76) | .67 | 52 (77) | 117 (75) | .76 |
| Nonsurgical | 56 (25) | 29 (26) | 27 (24) | — | 16 (24) | 40 (26) | — |
| Home health agency | |||||||
| BJC home infusion | 186 (83) | 94 (85) | 92 (81) | .43 | 59 (87) | 127 (81) | .29 |
| Other health agency | 39 (17) | 17 (15) | 22 (19) | — | 9 (13) | 30 (19) | — |
| Catheter type | |||||||
| Hohn | 104 (46) | 51 (46) | 53 (47) | .66 | 31 (46) | 73 (47) | .39 |
| PICC | 76 (34) | 28 (25) | 48 (42) | — | 20 (29) | 56 (36) | — |
| Hickman | 20 (9) | 14 (13) | 6 (5) | — | 13 (19) | 7 (5) | — |
| Port | 23 (10) | 16 (14) | 7 (6) | — | 3 (4) | 20 (13) | — |
| Other | 2 (1) | 2 (2) | 0 (0) | — | 1 (2) | 1 (1) | — |
| PICC catheter | 76 (34) | 28 (25) | 48 (42) | .01 | 20 (29) | 56 (36) | .36 |
| Line placement by BJH | 203 (90) | 95 (86) | 108 (95) | .02 | 63 (93) | 140 (89) | .42 |
AC, anticoagulant; BJC, Barnes-Jewish-Christian; BJH, Barnes-Jewish Hospital; BMI, body mass index; CAD, coronary artery disease; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CR-BSI, catheter-related bloodstream infections; CVA, cerebrovascular accident; DM, diabetes mellitus; HLP, hyperlipidemia; HTN, hypertension; IBD, inflammatory bowel disease; IQR, interquartile range; LTAC, long-term acute care facility; PICC, peripherally inserted central venous catheter; SNF, skilled nursing facility.
Event censored at 365 days post-line insertion date.
Non-Caucasian: Asian/Pacific Islander = 1; Hispanic = 1; other = 1.
Time to event censored at 365 days post-line insertion date.
Cancer: solid tumor or hematological malignancy.
IBD: Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis.
Renal dysfunction: chronic kidney disease defined as a creatinine level of 1.5 mg/dL or greater or as a patient on dialysis.