. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Jul 17.

Published in final edited form as: Am J Cardiol. 2013 Sep 25;112(12):1943–1947. doi: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2013.08.023

Table 3.

Echocardiographic data in symptomatic adult versus pediatric Fontans

Parameters	Adults (%)	Pediatric (%)^*	p
At least moderate RV systolic dysfunction^†	80	12	<0.01
At least moderate TR^†	20	8	0.42
Moderate or greater RV dysfunction or TR^†	80	15	<0.01
At least moderate LV systolic dysfunction^‡	18	5	0.21
At least moderate MR^‡	23	19	0.78
Moderate or greater LV dysfunction or MR^‡	27	24	0.93

LV = left ventricle; MR = mitral regurgitation; RV = right ventricle; TR = tricuspid regurgitation.

Echocardiographic data were unavailable for 7 pediatric patients.

^†

In those patients with a systemic right ventricle (n = 5 adult and n = 26 pediatric patients).

^‡

In those patients with a systemic left ventricle (n = 22 adult and n = 21 pediatric patients).