FIGURE 7.

Males have increased bone marrow inflammatory responses to palmitic acid, high fat diet, and LPS compared with females. A, male and female BM was isolated and plated in methocult media for granulocyte and macrophage colony-forming units. 10,000 cells were isolated and stimulated with FA free BSA or 10 μm palmitic acid with BSA. B, similarly, male and female marrow after in vivo diet challenge were plated for cfu. Bone marrow mononuclear phagocytes (C) and bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (D) of male mice have increased proinflammatory profiles after stimulation with LPS compared with females. A.U., arbitrary units. n = 8; *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01; ***, p < 0.005; ****, p < 0.001. Comparisons between sexes are shown as follows: #, p < 0.05; ##, p < 0.01; ###, p < 0.005; ####, p < 0.001. Error bars, S.E.