Table 2.
Baseline patient characteristics of all culture confirmed gram positive infections and the MRSA infection subset
| All Gram Positive Infections | MRSA Infections | P value | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TDM N = 66 | CTRL N = 79 | P value | TDM N = 36 | CTRL N = 35 | ||
| Male, n (%) | 60 (90) | 71 (91) | 1.0 | 29 (81) | 33 (94) | 0.15 |
| Age, median (IQR) | 61 (44,72) | 60 (47,70) | 0.66 | 61 (45,73) | 60 (48,67) | 0.43 |
| Weight (kg), median (IQR) | 88 (70,101) | 89 (68,115) | 0.62 | 89.8 (76,99.8) | 80 (61,109) | 0.74 |
| Co-morbidity Score, median (IQR) | 3.5 (0,6) | 4 (0,5) | 0.23 | 4 (0,6) | 3 (0,4) | 0.07 |
| Co-morbidities | ||||||
| Central nervous system, n (%) | 21 (32) | 29 (37) | 0.60 | 10 (28) | 17 (49) | 0.45 |
| Cardiovascular, n (%) | 39 (59) | 52 (66) | 0.49 | 25 (69) | 22 (63) | 0.62 |
| Pulmonary, n (%) | 23 (35) | 19 (24) | 0.20 | 13 (36) | 6 (17) | 0.11 |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 20 (30) | 31 (39) | 0.30 | 15 (42) | 13 (37) | 0.81 |
| Gastrointestinal, n (%) | 20 (30) | 17 (22) | 0.26 | 14 (39) | 8 (23) | 0.2 |
| Malignancy, n (%) | 7 (11) | 12 (15) | 0.47 | 6 (17) | 1 (3) | 0.12 |
| Rheumatologic, n (%) | 6 (9) | 9 (11) | 0.79 | 4 (11) | 3 (9) | 1.0 |
| Immunosuppression, n (%) | 11 (17) | 10 (13) | 0.64 | 5 (14) | 2 (6) | 0.43 |
| Site of infection | ||||||
| Respiratory, n (%) | 17 (26) | 23 (29) | 0.71 | 6 (17) | 11 (31) | 0.17 |
| Hospital associated pneumonia/hospital acquired pneumonia, n (%) | 7 (11) | 10 (13) | 0.8 | 6 (17) | 5 (7) | 1.0 |
| Ventilator associated pneumonia, n (%) | 1 (2) | 3 (4) | 0.6 | 0 | 1 (3) | 1.0 |
| Bacteremiaa, n (%) | 20 (30) | 23 (29) | 1.0 | 11 (31) | 9 (26) | 0.79 |
| Endocarditis, n (%) | 1 (2) | 2 (3) | 1.0 | 1 (3) | 1 (3) | 1.0 |
| Catheter/device associated, n (%) | 2 (3) | 1 (1) | 0.6 | 1 (3) | 1 (3) | 1.0 |
| Urinary tract, n (%) | 12 (19) | 10 (13) | 0.36 | 2 (6) | 5 (14) | 0.26 |
| Skin and soft tissue, n (%) | 40 (63) | 38 (48) | 0.10 | 25 (69) | 20 (57) | 0.33 |
| Cellulitis/subcutaneous abscess, n (%)b | 39 (59) | 37 (47) | 0.14 | 23 (64) | 20 (57) | 0.63 |
| Necrotizing fasciitis, n (%) | 1 (2) | 1 (1) | 1.0 | 1 (3) | 1 (3) | 1.0 |
| Bone/joint, n (%) | 8 (12.1) | 13 (17) | 0.49 | 4 (11) | 5 (14) | 1.0 |
| Osteomyelitis, n (%) | 6 (9) | 5 (6) | 0.76 | 6 (17) | 2 (6) | 0.26 |
| Septic arthritis, n (%) | 4 (6) | 3 (4) | 0.7 | 2 (6) | 1 (3) | 1.0 |
| Central nervous system, n (%) | 0 | 1 (1) | 1.0 | 0 (0) | 1 (3) | 1.0 |
| Intra-abdominal, n (%) | 1 (2) | 1 (1) | 1.0 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1.0 |
| Sepsis and septic shock, n (%) | 13 (20) | 21 (27) | 0.43 | 4 (11) | 9 (26) | 0.13 |
| Culture result | ||||||
| MRSA, n (%) | 36 (55) | 35 (44) | 0.25 | – | – | – |
| MSSA, n (%) | 10 (15) | 16 (20) | 0.52 | – | – | – |
| Coagulase negative Staphylococci, n (%) | 12 (18) | 15 (19) | 1.0 | – | – | – |
| S. pyogenes, n (%) | 4 (6) | 1 (1) | 0.18 | – | – | – |
| E. faecalis, n (%) | 10 (15) | 19 (24) | 0.21 | – | – | – |
| Other gram positives, n (%) | 15 (23) | 12 (15) | 0.29 | – | – | – |
| MRSA MIC (mg/L) | ||||||
| 2, n (%) | 5 (14) | 9 (11) | 0.77 | 5 (13.5) | 9 (11.4) | 0.77 |
| Site of admission | ||||||
| ICU, n (%) | 12 (18) | 21 (27) | 0.24 | 10 (28) | 9 (26) | 1.0 |
| Medical Floor, n (%) | 33 (50) | 36 (46) | 0.62 | 12 (33) | 15 (43) | 0.47 |
| Surgical Floor, n (%) | 21 (32) | 22 (28) | 0.72 | 14 (39) | 11 (31) | 0.62 |
| Sepsis and Septic Shock, n (%) | 13 (20) | 21 (27) | 0.43 | 4 (11) | 9 (26) | 0.13 |
| Concurrent antibiotics | ||||||
| β-Lactam, n (%) | 44 (67) | 53 (68) | 1.0 | 28 (78) | 23 (66) | 0.3 |
| Piperacillin/tazobactam, n (%) | 30 (68) | 34 (64) | 0.82 | 19 (53) | 17 (49) | 0.81 |
| Cefepime, n (%) | 5 (12) | 6 (11) | 1.0 | 3 (8) | 2 (6) | 1.0 |
| Carbapenem, n (%) | 4 (9) | 3 (6) | 0.7 | 1 (3) | 2 (6) | 0.61 |
| Other, n (%) | 5 (12) | 10 (19) | 0.4 | 5 (14) | 2 (6) | 0.43 |
| Fluoroquinolone, n (%) | 16 (24) | 21 (27) | 0.85 | 5 (14) | 9 (26) | 0.56 |
| Aminoglycoside, n (%) | 6 (9) | 2 (3) | 0.14 | 2 (6) | 2 (6) | 1.0 |
| Other, n (%) | 16 (24) | 15 (19) | 0.54 | 7 (19) | 9 (26) | 0.58 |
aMajority of bacteremias were secondary from extravascular sources (pneumonia, skin/soft tissue infection, etc.).
bIncludes surgical site infections.