Figure 3.
Hierarchy model of cardiovascular specification from pluripotent stem cells. During stem cell differentiation, Brachyury T expression marks the precardiac mesodermal cells; Mesp1-expressing cells represent early multipotent cardiovascular progenitors; Nkx2-5 and Islet1 reporter genes are used for isolating cardiovascular progenitors of the first (Nkx2-5) and the second heart fields (Nkx2-5 and Islet1). Finally, cardiovascular progenitors give rise to all three lineages of the heart: cardiomyocytes, endothelial cells, and smooth muscle cells