Table 1. Demographic and clinical characteristics of the study sample.
| Variable | n (%) | Range | Mean±SD |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 22–79 | 47.1±12.3 | |
| Gender | |||
| Male | 33 (27) | ||
| Female | 88 (73) | ||
| Ethnicity | |||
| Asian | 11 (9.1) | ||
| White British/Irish/other | 95 (78) | ||
| Black African/Caribbean/other | 15 (12) | ||
| Relationship status | |||
| Married/living with partner | 73 (60) | ||
| Single/other | 48 (40) | ||
| Disease duration (months) | 4–336 | 62.01±42 | |
| Laterality of GO | |||
| Bilateral | 101 (83) | ||
| Unilateral | 20 (17) | ||
| Laterality of planned surgery | |||
| Bilateral | 79 (65) | ||
| Unilateral | 42 (35) | ||
| Treatment history | |||
| Previous immunosuppressants | 58 (48) | ||
| Previous radiotherapy | 18 (15) | ||
| Previous eyelid or orbital surgery | 14 (12) | ||
| Thyroid function | |||
| Stable | 106 (88) | ||
| Unstable | 15 (12) | ||
| Visual acuity (LogMAR conversion)a | 0–2 | 0.1±0.4 | |
| Superficial punctate keratopathy | 39 (32) | ||
| Hydraulic orbital signs | 25 (21) | ||
| Optic neuropathy | 15 (12) | ||
| Diplopia | 62 (51) | ||
| Marginal reflex distance 1 (mm)a | 1.5–13 | 5.9±2.1 | |
| Marginal reflex distance 2 (mm)a | 4–11 | 6.7±1.4 | |
| Exophthalmometry (mm)a | 15–33 | 23.7±2.7 | |
| Asymmetry (mm) | 0–8 | 1.8±1.8 | |
| Clinical activity score | 0–9 | 1.12±1.9 | |
| Smokers | 38 (31) | ||
a
A worst eye analysis was conducted on these variables, based on the amount of proptosis.