. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Nov 1.

Published in final edited form as: Immunol Lett. 2014 Jul 27;162(1 0 0):59–67. doi: 10.1016/j.imlet.2014.07.004

Table 1. Major human dendritic cell subsets.

	Blood DCs			Cutaneous DCs		Inflammatory DCs
	Myeloid DCs Type I	Myeloid DCs Type II	Plasmacytoid DCs	Langerhans Cells	CD14+ DCs	Inflammatory DCs
Phenotype	BDCA1 (CD1c)+ CD11c+ CD13+ CD33+ CD11b+	BDCA3 (CD141)+ CD11c+ CD13+ CD33+ CD11b+	BDCA2 (CD303)+ BDCA4 (CD304)+ CD123 (IL-3R α)+ ILT7+	Langerin+, CD1a+	CD14+, CD11c+	CD14+, CD11c+
Location	Blood, tissue & lymphoid organs	Blood, tissue & lymphoid organs	Blood, tissue & lymphoid organs	Epidermis & stratified squamous epithelia	Dermis & non-lymphoid organs	Site of inflammation
TLRs	TLR 1-8, 10	TLR 1, 2, 3, 6, 8, 10	TLR 7, 9	TLR 1, 2, 3, 6, 10	TLR 2, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10
Other receptors	Dectin-1, Dectin-2, DCIR, Mannose receptor	CLEC9A, XCR1, NECL2	DCIR, CD32, Siglec-H, BST-2	DCIR, Dectin-1, Dectin-2	DC-SIGN, LOX-1, Dectin-1, DCIR	SIRPα, FcεR
Major cytokines produced on activation	TNF-α, IL-8, IL-10,IL-23	IFN-λ, TNF-α, CXCL10	IFN-α, IL-6, IL12 p40	IL-15	IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, GM-CSF, MCP, TGF- β	IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-23
Major function	Antigen-presentation	Antigen-presentation/cross-presentation	Anti-viral response, Maintenance of tolerance	Tolerance/immune-regulation; epithelial homeostasis	Formation of follicular helper T cells, B cell help	Depends upon inflammatory environment
Predominant immune response	Th2, Th1, Th17	Th1	Type I IFN, Tregs	Th22, Th1	Tfh	Depends upon inflammatory environment

Th= T helper response, Tfh= T follicular helper response