Table 1.
Representative in vivo studies of miRNA therapy for regenerative medicine
| Target miRNA | Means of delivery | Therapeutic approaches | Observations | Application | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MiR-31 | Poly(glycerol sebacate) scaffold | Inhibition | Percentage of new bone area after 8 weeks increased from 35% to 61% | Osteogenesis | [50] |
| MiR-148b | Baculovirus | Replacement | Percentage of new bone area after 12 weeks increased from 61% to 94% | Osteogenesis | [51] |
| MiR-26a | HyStem-HP™ hydrogel | Replacement | Percentage of new bone area after 12 weeks increased from 40% to ~100% and accelerated vascularization | Osteogenesis and angiogenesis | [52] |
| MiR-138 | Hydroxyapatite-tricalcium phosphate scaffold | Inhibition | Total bone volume increased 2.2-fold in implants treated with the antimiR-138 compared with miR control | Osteogenesis | [108] |
| MiR-29b | Atelocollagen/PEO scaffold | Replacement | MMP-8: TIMP-1 ratio 3-fold higher than treated with scaffold alone | Promoting wound healing | [66] |
| MiR-21 | Direct injection of plasmid expressing miR-21 | Replacement | Wound contraction increased over 30% compared to untreated wound | Promoting wound healing | [109] |
| MiR-1, miR-133; miR-206 | Atelocollagen | Replacement | The number of centronucleated myofibres in the miRNA group increased 136% than that in the control group; capillary density in the miRNA group increased over 30% than that in the control group | Myogenesis and angiogenesis | [110] |
| MiR-302 | MaxSuppressor™ In Vivo RNA-LANCEr II | Replacement | Fibrosis size of hearts decreased over 60% after 50 days compared to treated with control miRNA | Cardiomyogenesis | [76] |
| MiR-590; miR-199a | Adeno-associated virus | Replacement | Infarct size of miRNA treated group decreased about 50% at 12 days and 60 days after myocardial infarction | Cardiomyogenesis | [79] |
| MiR-34a | RiboJuice™ | Inhibition | Infarct cell death in heart treated with anti-miR-34a decreased 75 % compared to control group after myocardial infarction | Cardiomyogenesis | [77] |
| MiR-132 | PLGA polymer nanoparticles | Replacement | Over 10-fold increase in the number of microvessels per square millimeter compared to negative control | Angiogenesis | [111] |
| MiR-134 | Adeno-associated virus | Replacement | 13% reduction of total dendritic length compared to control vector | Dendritogenesis | [112] |